Water's Role in Life and Its Properties

<p>They vary depending on the organism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.01% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is important for nutrient flow. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A substance dissolved in water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They dissociate into ions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water is a reactant needed for photosynthesis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreased fish diversity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water Hyacinth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shistosomiasis and Malaria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreased native fish diversity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eutrophication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Improved aquatic habitats (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Salt concentration increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low solute concentration to high solute concentration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Freshwater fish (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain proper salt balance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Expelling excess salts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It has been completely dried and refilled multiple times (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>400 species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A nitrogenous byproduct (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>C6H12O6 + 6O2 ⇔ 6CO2 + 6H2O (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Passive movement of water across a membrane from low to high solute concentration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By conserving salts and expelling large amounts of water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintaining proper water and salt balance in body fluids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperosmotic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increases salt concentration in body fluids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Salt balance directly influences water balance in organisms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It's density at 4°C. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It dissolves essential nutrients, facilitating transport. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water is densest at 4°C, allowing for stratification. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.01% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They control the opening and closing to manage water and CO2 exchange. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They excrete toxic salts through leaf pores. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Root osmotic potential being less than soil water potential. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through regulating urine concentration. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evaporation through skin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cohesion and tension theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provides the electrons necessary for glucose synthesis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Osmosis moves water from high to low concentration, while active transport moves solutes against their gradient. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uptake through the root system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Water is densest at 4°C, meaning it has the highest mass per unit volume at this temperature.

The seasonal mixing of water in a lake, driven by differences in water density.

Water's ability to dissolve many substances, making it crucial for nutrient transport in ecosystems.

A substance required by a living organism for growth and survival.

A substance dissolved in a solvent (like water).

The maintenance of the proper amount of water in an organism, essential for survival.

The maintenance of the proper amount of salt in an organism.

A small percentage of the total global water supply (0.01%) is readily available fresh water useful for drinking, agriculture, and industry.

Water's unique properties, such as density variation with temperature and its ability to dissolve many substances, are key to aquatic ecosystems and life on Earth.

The passive movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

The process organisms use to maintain proper salt and water balance.

Having a higher salt concentration than the surrounding environment.

Having a lower salt concentration than the surrounding environment.

Fish with higher salt concentration in their body fluid compared to their surroundings.

Fish with lower salt content in their body fluid compared to their surroundings.

Essential element for life, composing all known life forms.

The process of plants using carbon dioxide, water and sunlight to create glucose, also releasing oxygen.

An African lake that demonstrates ecological and human influence.

Rapid diversification of cichlid species within Lake Victoria.

The Nile Perch, a non-native fish species, was introduced into Lake Victoria.

The introduction of the Nile Perch and Water Hyacinth caused a dramatic shift in the Lake Victoria ecosystem, leading to dead zones and declining fish population.

Overfishing in Lake Victoria depleted fish populations, impacting the food chain and local economies.

The invasive plant Water Hyacinth negatively impacted Lake Victoria by clogging, reducing light, and increasing disease vectors.

Excessive nutrient input (eutrophication) in Lake Victoria contributed to the decline of the lake's ecosystem.

Basic ecological research is vital for understanding species interactions, abiotic factors, and population changes in Lake Victoria.

Higher salt concentration in a solution draws water across a membrane (osmosis), aiming to equalize salt levels.

Water's polarity allows it to attract and dissolve many substances, making it a crucial medium for transporting nutrients in ecosystems. Think of salt dissolving in water.

Freshwater fish have a higher salt concentration in their bodies than the surrounding water. They constantly lose salt through their gills and urine, so they actively reabsorb salt and excrete excess water.

Essential nutrients are substances required by living organisms for growth and survival. These can include elements like calcium for vertebrates and trees.

Water balance refers to maintaining the proper amount of water within an organism. This is crucial for life processes such as photosynthesis and nutrient transport.

Marine fish have a lower salt concentration in their bodies than the surrounding saltwater. They constantly gain salt through their gills and food, so they actively expel salt and conserve water.

Maintaining proper salt levels within an organism directly impacts water balance. If the salt concentration is too high or too low, water will move to try and balance it out.

Carbon is a vital element present in all known life forms. It is the foundation of organic molecules like carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Terrestrial organisms face the challenge of maintaining water balance because they live in air with a lower water content than their bodies, leading to constant water loss.

Salt balance is crucial for water balance because salts are dissolved in water. When water evaporates, salt concentration increases within organisms, affecting water movement through osmosis.

Osmosis is the passive movement of water across a membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

This theory explains how transpiration pulls water up a plant's stem, creating a continuous column of water.

Plants need to move water for essential functions like transporting nutrients, performing photosynthesis, and maintaining cell structure.

The chemical equation representing photosynthesis: 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2. Carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose (sugar) and oxygen using sunlight energy.

Plants control water uptake through roots by adjusting solute concentration and by opening or closing stomates. Solute concentration in the roots affects water potential which drives water movement.

Water potential is the measure of how strongly water is attracted to soil particles. Negative water potential means the soil pulls water in, like a thirsty sponge.

Mangroves are adapted to salty environments. They excrete excess salt through pores in their leaves and actively transport solutes in roots to maintain water balance.

Kidneys regulate water and salt balance by controlling urine concentration. In humans, urine is more concentrated than blood, allowing water conservation.