Questions and Answers
Borosilicate glass is known for its high degree of ______ resistance.
thermal
Borosilicate glass is commonly used in ______ photometry.
flame
The most common brands of borosilicate glass are ______ and Kimax.
Pyrex
Alumino-silicate glass is ______ resistant and six times stronger than borosilicate glass.
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Alumino-silicate glass is strengthened ______ rather than thermally.
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______ vessels are typically used in clinical chemistry laboratories.
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High silica laboratory vessels are known for their ______ properties.
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The highest water purity is required for methods that demand minimal ______.
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Vycor is resistant to acids and alkalis and can be heated up to ______ degrees Celsius.
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Low actinic glass is ______ colored to prevent exposure to certain chemicals.
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Flint glass has poor resistance to high ______.
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CLASS A glassware satisfies specifications set by the National Institute of ______ and Technology.
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To contain (TC), a pipette is calibrated to contain a designated ______.
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To deliver (TD), a pipette provides an exact ______ when dispensed.
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Borosilicate glass is known for high thermal ______ and resistance to chemical treatments.
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High silica laboratory vessels are designed to withstand extreme ______ treatments.
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Borosilicate glass is known for its high resistance to ______ and breakage.
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In clinical chemistry, it is essential to use equipment that ensures precise ______ of liquids.
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When using a pipette, the last drop on the tip should be ______ before taking the measurement.
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Alumino-silicate glass is commonly used in laboratory vessels due to its ______ properties.
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High silica laboratory vessels can withstand high temperatures, making them suitable for ______ applications.
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Plasticware types such as Teflon FEP can withstand temperatures up to ______ degrees Celsius.
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For a serologic pipette, graduations are situated ______ in the tip.
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The ______ type pipette requires a blowout for accurate measurement due to the excess liquid in the tip.
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Study Notes
Water Types and Purity Grades
- Undissolved water cannot break down by solvent due to saturation levels.
- Classified by type, not preparation method; common methods include filtration, distillation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, and UV treatment.
- Three grades of water purity:
- Type I (Reagent Water): Highest purity for accurate methods; suitable for sensitive analyses (HPLC, trace metals).
Glassware
-
Borosilicate Glass:
- Commonly used, high thermal resistance, low alkali content.
- Popular brands include Pyrex and Kimax; resistant to chemical corrosion.
-
Alumino-silicate Glass:
- Chemically strengthened, alkali resistant, six times stronger than borosilicate.
- Resists clouding and scratching; a common brand is Corex.
-
High Silica Glass (Vycor):
- Acid and alkali resistant; withstands high temperatures (up to 900°C).
-
Low Actinic Glass:
- Amber-colored; necessary for chemicals sensitive to light.
-
Flint Glass:
- Disposable, thin, and poor temperature resistance; made from soda lime.
-
Class A Glassware:
- Meets NIST specifications, utilized in laboratories.
Laboratory Vessels
- Common types of laboratory glassware:
- Beakers, flasks, test tubes, graduated cylinders, burettes, pipettes.
Pipette Design
-
To Contain (TC):
- Calibrated to hold a specific volume, not accurate for transfer; may leave residue.
-
To Deliver (TD):
- Designed to dispense an exact volume; accounting for any residue that may remain in the pipette.
Plasticware
- High resistance to corrosion and breakage, affordable, and often disposable.
- Temperature limits for various plastics:
- Polystyrene (PS): 70°C
- Polyethylene Conventional (CPE): 80°C
- Linear (LPE): 120°C
- Polypropylene (PP): 135°C
- Tygon: 95°C
- Teflon FEP: 205°C
- Polycarbonate (PC): 135°C
- Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC): 70°C
- Types of drainage characteristics:
- Blowout: Requires the last drop to be expelled, indicated by an etched ring.
- Self-draining: Allows all liquid to drain, but excess on the tip is not counted.
Measuring Standards
- Serologic pipettes have volume graduations near the tip, requiring blowout to measure accurately.
- Mohr pipettes allow for transferring specified volumes between two graduation marks.
- Check whether the plastic type is autoclavable to prevent melting at elevated temperatures.
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Description
Explore various types of water and their purity grades essential for laboratory applications. This quiz also covers different glassware types used in chemistry, their properties, and resistance to various chemicals. Test your knowledge on water purity and the materials essential for experiments.
