27 WaterSAQ

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Questions and Answers

What is eutrophication?

Eutrophication is caused by the over-enrichment of water by nutrients such as nitrates & phosphates. It can lead to algal bloom.

What is the difference between temporary and permanent hardness in water?

Temporary hardness can be removed by boiling, while permanent hardness cannot be removed by boiling and requires other methods.

What is the purpose of flouridation in water treatment?

To strengthen teeth and prevent decay.

What is the result of boiling water with temporary hardness?

Calcium hydrogencarbonate decomposes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of ion exchange used for in water treatment?

To remove permanent hardness by swapping Ca²⁺ or Mg²⁺ ions with Na+ ions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of sedimentation in water treatment?

To remove suspended particles from the water by allowing them to settle to the bottom of the tank. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of flocculation in water treatment?

To bring together small suspended solids in water, making it easier to remove them. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of deionization in water treatment, and how does it differ from ion exchange?

Deionization is a method that removes all ions from water, whereas ion exchange swaps cations with sodium ions. Deionization produces demineralized water, while ion exchange produces water with reduced hardness. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of adding calcium hydroxide during water treatment, and under what conditions is it used?

Calcium hydroxide (lime) is added to raise the pH of water, and it is used when water is too acidic to prevent corrosion of pipes. Signup and view all the answers