Podcast
Questions and Answers
Why are manganese and iron problematic in public water supplies?
Why are manganese and iron problematic in public water supplies?
They cause aesthetic problems, including turbidity, when exposed to air, leading to oxidation and colloidal precipitates.
What is the primary form of iron found in soils and minerals?
What is the primary form of iron found in soils and minerals?
Insoluble ferric oxide.
How does carbon dioxide in groundwater contribute to the dissolution of ferrous carbonate?
How does carbon dioxide in groundwater contribute to the dissolution of ferrous carbonate?
It reacts with ferrous carbonate to form ferrous ions and bicarbonate ions, as shown in the equation: FeCO3 + CO2 + H2O → Fe2+ + 2HCO3.
What are the recommended maximum levels of iron and manganese in public water supplies according to the Public Health Service Standards?
What are the recommended maximum levels of iron and manganese in public water supplies according to the Public Health Service Standards?
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Why do iron and manganese in water become turbid and unacceptable when exposed to air?
Why do iron and manganese in water become turbid and unacceptable when exposed to air?
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How is the Fe2+ present in water typically determined experimentally?
How is the Fe2+ present in water typically determined experimentally?
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What is the source of iron and manganese in nearly all soils?
What is the source of iron and manganese in nearly all soils?
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What is the impact of iron and manganese on human health when consumed in drinking water?
What is the impact of iron and manganese on human health when consumed in drinking water?
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Study Notes
Iron and Manganese in Water Supplies
- Iron and manganese create serious problems in public water supplies, particularly in underground waters, but also in some rivers and impounded surface supplies during certain seasons.
- Both iron and manganese are present in insoluble forms in significant amounts in nearly all soils.
Iron in Soils and Minerals
- Iron exists in soils and minerals mainly as insoluble ferric oxide.
- It also occurs as ferrous carbonate (siderite) in some areas, which is very slightly soluble.
- Ferrous carbonate can be dissolved by the reaction: FeCO3 + CO2 + H2O → Fe2+ + 2HCO3-
Effects of Iron and Manganese on Human Health
- Iron and manganese in drinking water are not known to have harmful effects on human health.
Aesthetic Issues
- Waters containing iron and manganese become turbid and unacceptable when exposed to air, due to the oxidation of iron and manganese to form colloidal precipitates.
Public Health Service Standards
- Public water supplies should not contain more than 0.3 mg/L of iron or 0.05 mg/L of manganese, according to Public Health Service Standards.
Determining Iron in Water
- The amount of Fe2+ present in water can be determined experimentally by titrating it with an oxidizing agent like KMnO4 in the presence of dilute H2SO4.
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Description
Learn about the issues caused by iron and manganese in public water supplies, including underground, river, and surface waters. Understand the sources and forms of these contaminants in soils and minerals.
