Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which Sustainable Development Goal directly addresses the importance of water supply and sanitation?
Which Sustainable Development Goal directly addresses the importance of water supply and sanitation?
- SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
- SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (correct)
- SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being
- SDG 13: Climate Action
Several senators have urged the public to conserve water due to Maynilad being penalized for what issue?
Several senators have urged the public to conserve water due to Maynilad being penalized for what issue?
- Illegal water connections
- Excessive water billing
- Service Interruptions (correct)
- Water contamination incidents
What factor has contributed to frequent issues concerning water supply in recent years?
What factor has contributed to frequent issues concerning water supply in recent years?
- Reduced water consumption by households
- Typhoons and extreme weather events (correct)
- Decreased agricultural irrigation
- Increased industrial output
Which of the following best characterizes a Level 1 water supply in the Philippines?
Which of the following best characterizes a Level 1 water supply in the Philippines?
If a community experiences increased frequency of water service interruptions, which of the following actions would be most effective in promoting long-term water security?
If a community experiences increased frequency of water service interruptions, which of the following actions would be most effective in promoting long-term water security?
A local community relies on a Level 1 water supply that is increasingly affected by seasonal droughts. Which of the following strategies would be most sustainable for improving their access to water?
A local community relies on a Level 1 water supply that is increasingly affected by seasonal droughts. Which of the following strategies would be most sustainable for improving their access to water?
How might achieving SDG 6 positively impact other SDGs?
How might achieving SDG 6 positively impact other SDGs?
What is the primary function of a Water Safety Plan (WSP) within water treatment facilities?
What is the primary function of a Water Safety Plan (WSP) within water treatment facilities?
In the context of Water Safety Plans, what does the 'Controlling Risks' step primarily involve?
In the context of Water Safety Plans, what does the 'Controlling Risks' step primarily involve?
Which of the following is a key component of the 'Verification, Auditing, and Periodic Review' stage of a Water Safety Plan?
Which of the following is a key component of the 'Verification, Auditing, and Periodic Review' stage of a Water Safety Plan?
An essential element of the Water Safety Plan (WSP) is Establish operational monitoring programs
. What statement reflects why?
An essential element of the Water Safety Plan (WSP) is Establish operational monitoring programs
. What statement reflects why?
What is the significance of defining corrective actions within a Water Safety Plan (WSP)?
What is the significance of defining corrective actions within a Water Safety Plan (WSP)?
What is the role of the Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water (PNSDW)?
What is the role of the Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water (PNSDW)?
Why is the Water Safety Plan (WSP) considered an important tool for water supply service providers?
Why is the Water Safety Plan (WSP) considered an important tool for water supply service providers?
Which of the following best describes the 'initial examination' of water sources, as outlined in the content?
Which of the following best describes the 'initial examination' of water sources, as outlined in the content?
What is a key limitation associated with a water supply system that offers a high level of convenience and immediate access to water?
What is a key limitation associated with a water supply system that offers a high level of convenience and immediate access to water?
P.D. 856, also known as the Code on Sanitation of the Philippines, addresses which of the following?
P.D. 856, also known as the Code on Sanitation of the Philippines, addresses which of the following?
What is the MOST important reason for implementing control measures identified in a Water Safety Plan (WSP)?
What is the MOST important reason for implementing control measures identified in a Water Safety Plan (WSP)?
A newly established water source must undergo testing of which water quality parameters, according to the content?
A newly established water source must undergo testing of which water quality parameters, according to the content?
In the context of water supply and public health, what is the significance of ensuring proper water treatment?
In the context of water supply and public health, what is the significance of ensuring proper water treatment?
Metro Manila is mentioned in relation to Level III water supply because it exemplifies:
Metro Manila is mentioned in relation to Level III water supply because it exemplifies:
How can water supply service providers proactively contribute to the overall improvement of public health?
How can water supply service providers proactively contribute to the overall improvement of public health?
Which of the following is LEAST likely to contribute to the contamination of surface and groundwater from domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastes?
Which of the following is LEAST likely to contribute to the contamination of surface and groundwater from domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastes?
Based on the information, what is a significant concern regarding the groundwater quality in the Philippines?
Based on the information, what is a significant concern regarding the groundwater quality in the Philippines?
What is the most likely consequence of deforestation in watersheds, regarding water quality and supply?
What is the most likely consequence of deforestation in watersheds, regarding water quality and supply?
Water-related diseases are a leading cause of morbidity in a country. Which action would be MOST effective in reducing the spread of these diseases from piped water systems?
Water-related diseases are a leading cause of morbidity in a country. Which action would be MOST effective in reducing the spread of these diseases from piped water systems?
How does watershed degradation MOST directly impact communities that rely on these watersheds for their water supply?
How does watershed degradation MOST directly impact communities that rely on these watersheds for their water supply?
A community experiences a sudden increase in cases of typhoid fever. The local health authorities suspect the piped water system is the source. What initial steps should they take to confirm and address this issue?
A community experiences a sudden increase in cases of typhoid fever. The local health authorities suspect the piped water system is the source. What initial steps should they take to confirm and address this issue?
A rural community's water source is highly vulnerable to contamination from both anthropogenic activities and natural sources. What combination of strategies would be MOST effective for ensuring a safe and sustainable water supply?
A rural community's water source is highly vulnerable to contamination from both anthropogenic activities and natural sources. What combination of strategies would be MOST effective for ensuring a safe and sustainable water supply?
A region is experiencing increased deforestation, leading to severe soil erosion and sedimentation in local water bodies. Considering the economic impacts, which sector is MOST likely to be immediately and negatively affected?
A region is experiencing increased deforestation, leading to severe soil erosion and sedimentation in local water bodies. Considering the economic impacts, which sector is MOST likely to be immediately and negatively affected?
What is a potential long-term consequence of continuous watershed degradation on public health, considering the information provided?
What is a potential long-term consequence of continuous watershed degradation on public health, considering the information provided?
A building owner is developing a Water Safety Plan (WSP) for their building's water system. According to the guidelines, which aspect of the WSP is primarily the building owner's responsibility?
A building owner is developing a Water Safety Plan (WSP) for their building's water system. According to the guidelines, which aspect of the WSP is primarily the building owner's responsibility?
A water service provider discovers levels of a contaminant exceeding the limits set by the PNSDW during a routine monthly test. What is the MOST appropriate immediate action?
A water service provider discovers levels of a contaminant exceeding the limits set by the PNSDW during a routine monthly test. What is the MOST appropriate immediate action?
A rural community relies on a Level 1 water source (shallow well). During a periodic examination, it is observed that residents are washing clothes within 20 meters of the well. Which of the following actions should be taken FIRST?
A rural community relies on a Level 1 water source (shallow well). During a periodic examination, it is observed that residents are washing clothes within 20 meters of the well. Which of the following actions should be taken FIRST?
When forming a Water Safety Plan (WSP) team, what is the MOST important consideration for selecting team members?
When forming a Water Safety Plan (WSP) team, what is the MOST important consideration for selecting team members?
A water service provider is developing a schedule for periodic examinations of a water source. What is the MOST important factor that informs the examination frequency?
A water service provider is developing a schedule for periodic examinations of a water source. What is the MOST important factor that informs the examination frequency?
Why are the standards of the PNSDW based on international guidelines such as those from the WHO?
Why are the standards of the PNSDW based on international guidelines such as those from the WHO?
In the context of water safety, what is the primary purpose of establishing baseline data for water sources?
In the context of water safety, what is the primary purpose of establishing baseline data for water sources?
Which of the following parameters is CORRECTLY paired with its required frequency of testing by water service providers, according to the PNSDW?
Which of the following parameters is CORRECTLY paired with its required frequency of testing by water service providers, according to the PNSDW?
What is the MOST critical reason for a building owner or manager to take responsibility for Water Safety Plans (WSPs) in buildings?
What is the MOST critical reason for a building owner or manager to take responsibility for Water Safety Plans (WSPs) in buildings?
A community's primary water source is contaminated with high levels of bacteria after a heavy rainfall. Besides treating the water, what is another action a community can take?
A community's primary water source is contaminated with high levels of bacteria after a heavy rainfall. Besides treating the water, what is another action a community can take?
Flashcards
SDG 6
SDG 6
Sustainable Development Goal 6 aims to ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.
Philippine Water Supply
Philippine Water Supply
In the Philippines, water supply issues have become increasingly frequent in recent years.
Typhoons & Water Supply
Typhoons & Water Supply
Extreme weather events like typhoons contribute to water supply problems.
Metro Manila Water Interruption
Metro Manila Water Interruption
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Threats to Water Supply
Threats to Water Supply
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Level 1 Water Supply
Level 1 Water Supply
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Point-Source Water
Point-Source Water
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Water Safety Plan (WSP)
Water Safety Plan (WSP)
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WSP Awareness Aim
WSP Awareness Aim
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WSP Systems
WSP Systems
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WSP Capacity Strengthening
WSP Capacity Strengthening
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Controlling Risks in WSP
Controlling Risks in WSP
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Water Contamination Sources
Water Contamination Sources
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Leaching
Leaching
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E. coli / Fecal Coliforms
E. coli / Fecal Coliforms
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Water-related Diseases
Water-related Diseases
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Typhoid Fever
Typhoid Fever
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Shigella flexneri
Shigella flexneri
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Watershed
Watershed
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Deforestation
Deforestation
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Siltation
Siltation
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Advantages of Level 3 Water Supply
Advantages of Level 3 Water Supply
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Disadvantage of Level 3 Water Supply
Disadvantage of Level 3 Water Supply
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Public Health and Safety in Water Supply
Public Health and Safety in Water Supply
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Code on Sanitation of the Philippines (P.D. 856)
Code on Sanitation of the Philippines (P.D. 856)
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Role in Safeguarding Water Quality
Role in Safeguarding Water Quality
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Initial Water Examination
Initial Water Examination
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Purpose of WSP Implementation
Purpose of WSP Implementation
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WSP Focus Areas
WSP Focus Areas
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PNSDW
PNSDW
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Periodic Examination (Water)
Periodic Examination (Water)
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Water Testing Frequency
Water Testing Frequency
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Basis of PNSDW standards
Basis of PNSDW standards
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Well Proximity Restrictions
Well Proximity Restrictions
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PNSDW Responsibility
PNSDW Responsibility
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WSP Responsibility (Treatment/Distribution)
WSP Responsibility (Treatment/Distribution)
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WSP Responsibility (Buildings)
WSP Responsibility (Buildings)
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Sources of Raw water
Sources of Raw water
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WSP Team Formation
WSP Team Formation
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Study Notes
- SDG 6 aims for clean water and sanitation.
Water Supply in the Philippines
- The local water supply faces threats.
- Water supply levels include point-source, communal faucet system, and individual connection.
- Understanding these levels has benefits.
Levels of Water Supply
- Level 1: Point-source, protected well or developed spring without a pipe system, common in rural areas.
- Level 2: Communal faucet system, source, reservoir, piped distribution, shared faucets in clustered rural areas.
- Level 3: Individual household connection, source, reservoir, pipe network, individual taps, for high-density areas.
- Optimal coverage: Level 1, farthest household within 250m, 1 source per 15 households. Level 2, farthest within 25m, 1 faucet per 4-6 households.
Relevant Policies and Regulations
- Code on Sanitation of the Philippines (P.D. 856) covers water supply, sanitation, hygiene, and food safety.
- National Policy on Water Safety Plan (WSP) for all Drinking Water Service Providers (A.O. 2014-0027) ensures water safety and quality.
- Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water (PNSDW) sets acceptable levels for water quality parameters.
Influence of Water Supply on Health
- Access to water impacts health via water-related diseases: water-borne, water-washed, water-based, and water-vectored.
SDG 6: Clean Water Targets
- By 2030, achieve universal access to clean water and sanitation.
- Eliminate open defecation by providing latrine facilities.
- Improve water quality, reduce pollution, minimize chemical release, and treat wastewater.
- Increase water efficiency for sustainable supply, reduce water scarcity, and ensure year-round availability.
- Implement integrated water resource management.
- Protect water ecosystems: mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers, aquifers, and lakes.
Introduction
- Clean water should be accessible.
- Many countries face water supply problems due to inadequate infrastructure and planning.
- Millions die from water-related illnesses, especially children.
- Focus is on drinking water supply and public health, with separate wastewater treatment discussion.
- Maintaining water supply systems is challenging, with health implications.
Threats to Water Supply
- Rapid population growth increases water demand.
- Over-extraction of groundwater leads to decline, saltwater intrusion, and well contamination.
- Rapid urban development disrupts the water cycle.
- Waste contaminates via leaching.
- Watershed degradation from deforestation causes soil erosion and siltation.
The PNSDW
- Establishes standards for physical, biological, chemical, and radiological parameters.
- It requires initial exams for new sources and periodic ones for existing sources.
- The standards are usually based on WHO guidelines.
Relevant Laws
- Washing or bathing within 25 meters of wells is prohibited.
- Wells cannot be constructed within 25 meters of pollution sources.
WSP
- The WSP acts as a risk management tool for safe drinking water.
- It involves strategies for safety, maintenance, and training.
Public Health Intervention Programs for Safe Drinking Water
- Philippine Clean Water Act (R.A. 9275)
- Sagana at Ligtas na Tubig sa Lahat (SALINTUBIG) Program
- Safe Water
- iWASH Program
Water Supply in the Philippines: Local Situation
- Majority have access to safe water (78%).
- The local situation has Majority access to treated water at the household level.
- However, about 20% do not have access to clean water.
High-Risk Water Sources
- Unprotected from surface runoff.
- Collected with unclean containers; may carry microorganisms.
- Shallow wells are linked to water-borne illnesses and need 25-meter distance.
- Outbreaks occur with piped systems from biological, chemical, radiological agents, illegal connections, and inadequate treatment.
Is It Safe to Drink Tap Water?
- Tap water users may still need treatment for pathogens.
- Water undergoes filtration, sediment and chemical removal, and disinfection, but efficiency varies.
Factors to Maintain
- Maintain vegetation for surface roughness, infiltration, and flood prevention.
Water-Borne Illness
- Outbreaks also occur with "supposedly safe" piped water systems.
Water Quality Parameters
- Mandatory parameters include coliform, arsenic, cadmium, lead, nitrate, color, pH, solids, turbidity, residual disinfectant.
- Primary parameters are health-significant and site-specific.
- Secondary parameters affect water acceptability.
- Emergency parameters enhance response to critical situations.
PNSDW Tests
- Tested parameters include thermotolerant coliform, arsenic, cadmium, lead, nitrate, color, pH, total dissolved solids, turbidity, and disinfectant residual.
Water-Borne vs. Water-Washed Disease
- Water-borne are transmitted via ingestion and relates to poor-quality water.
- Water-washed relates to the quantity of water used for hygiene, like skin and eye infections.
Vectors from Water
- Water-vectored are spread by insects breeding in or near water, such as diseases like malaria and dengue.
Government Programs for Water Safety
- Philippine Clean Water Act (R.A. 9275) aims to protect water bodies from pollution.
- The DENR implements the law with support from other agencies.
- The SALINTUBIG Program is a priority for waterless municipalities.
- USAID's SAFE WATER equips local entities for water security.
- iWASH integrates safe services with multi-stakeholder participation.
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