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Questions and Answers
Which vitamins are water soluble?
Which vitamins are water soluble?
- Vitamins A, D, E, and K
- Vitamin A and vitamin K
- Vitamin D and vitamin E
- Vitamins of B complex group and vitamin C (correct)
Where are many water soluble vitamins synthesized in animals?
Where are many water soluble vitamins synthesized in animals?
- In the liver
- In the kidneys
- By natural symbiotic microorganisms, particularly bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract (correct)
- In the muscles
Which vitamin is synthesized from serine via aminoethanol in animal cells?
Which vitamin is synthesized from serine via aminoethanol in animal cells?
- Vitamin B12
- Choline
- Niacin (correct)
- Vitamin C
In which animals does deficiency of vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) occur due to absence or deficient feeding of cobalt?
In which animals does deficiency of vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) occur due to absence or deficient feeding of cobalt?
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What is the role of developed members with functional rumen system in relation to young calves and offsprings of other ruminant species?
What is the role of developed members with functional rumen system in relation to young calves and offsprings of other ruminant species?
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Study Notes
Water-Soluble Vitamins
- Water-soluble vitamins include Vitamin C and the B-complex vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12).
- These vitamins dissolve in water and are not stored in large amounts in the body, leading to regular intake through diet.
Synthesis of Water-Soluble Vitamins
- Many water-soluble vitamins are synthesized in animals by gut microbiota, particularly in the intestines.
- The microbial community can produce essential vitamins contributing to the host's nutritional requirements.
Serine and Aminoethanol
- Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is synthesized from the amino acid serine through the intermediate aminoethanol in animal cells.
- This highlights the significance of amino acids in vitamin synthesis pathways.
Vitamin B12 Deficiency
- Deficiency of vitamin B12 occurs in ruminants, such as sheep and goats, when there is a lack of cobalt in their diet or environment.
- Cobalt is a critical component for the synthesis of vitamin B12 by gut bacteria.
Role of Functional Rumen System
- Developed ruminants with functional rumen systems play a pivotal role in nutrient assimilation for young calves and offspring.
- They help in digestion, fermentation, and provide a microbial environment that enhances nutrient absorption for the young, promoting growth and health.
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