30 Questions
What percentage of the earth's surface is covered by water?
Over 71%
Where is over 97% of the water in the biosphere located?
Oceans
What percentage of water is freshwater in rivers and lakes?
Less than 1%
What powers the hydrological cycle?
Solar energy
What determines the availability of water to organisms in terrestrial and aquatic environments?
Movement of water down concentration gradients
How do terrestrial animals regulate internal water?
By balancing acquisition against loss
What is a major cause of water loss for organisms on land?
Evaporation
How do marine bony fish make up for water loss?
By drinking seawater and secreting sodium and chloride
What is the method of water acquisition for small terrestrial animals?
Absorbing water from the air
What challenges do organisms in aquatic environments face related to water and salt balance?
Diffusion and osmosis
Over 97% of the water in the biosphere is located in oceans.
True
Less than 1% of the earth's water is freshwater in rivers and lakes.
True
The hydrological cycle is powered by geothermal energy.
False
The movement of water down concentration gradients does not determine the availability of water to organisms.
False
The hydrological cycle involves the exchange of water among reservoirs.
True
Evaporation is a major cause of water loss for organisms in aquatic environments.
True
Terrestrial plants gain water from the air through transpiration.
False
Small terrestrial animals can absorb water from the air.
True
Marine invertebrates and sharks have body fluids hyperosmotic to the surrounding seawater.
False
Marine bony fish actively take in water through their gills.
False
- What percentage of the earth's surface is covered by water?
Over 71% of the earth’s surface is covered by water.
- Where is over 97% of the water in the biosphere located?
Over 97% of the water in the biosphere is located in oceans.
- What is a reservoir?
A reservoir is a place where water is stored for some period of time, and this water in the reservoir is renewed or turned over.
- What powers the hydrological cycle?
The hydrological cycle is powered by solar energy, which drives the winds and evaporates water, primarily from the surface of the oceans.
- What is the movement of water down concentration gradients in terrestrial and aquatic environments responsible for?
The movement of water down concentration gradients in terrestrial and aquatic environments determines the availability of water to organisms.
Explain how terrestrial plants regulate internal water balance.
Terrestrial plants gain water from the soil and air, and lose water through transpiration and secretions.
Describe the adaptations of camels and Saguaro cacti for water acquisition, storage, and conservation in the desert.
Camels and Saguaro cacti have adaptations to acquire, store, and conserve water in the desert.
What are the challenges faced by organisms in aquatic environments related to water and salt balance?
In aquatic environments, organisms face challenges related to water and salt balance, with different strategies for freshwater fish and marine bony fish.
How do freshwater fish and marine bony fish maintain water balance in their respective environments?
Freshwater fish actively take in water through their gills and excrete excess water as dilute urine. Marine bony fish lose water through their gills and make up for it by drinking seawater, with specialized cells secreting sodium and chloride.
Explain the movement of water and salt in aquatic environments through diffusion and osmosis.
In aquatic environments, water and salt move down concentration gradients through diffusion and osmosis.
Study Notes
Water Regulation and Balance in Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments
- Evaporation is a major cause of water loss for organisms on land, influenced by temperature and air water content.
- In aquatic environments, water and salt move down concentration gradients through diffusion and osmosis.
- Terrestrial plants and animals regulate internal water by balancing acquisition against loss.
- Terrestrial animals gain water through drinking, food, and absorption from the air, while losing water through evaporation and secretions.
- Terrestrial plants gain water from the soil and air, and lose water through transpiration and secretions.
- Small terrestrial animals can absorb water from the air, while desert animals have specialized methods for water acquisition.
- Camels and Saguaro cacti have adaptations to acquire, store, and conserve water in the desert.
- In aquatic environments, organisms face challenges related to water and salt balance, with different strategies for freshwater fish and marine bony fish.
- Freshwater fish actively take in water through their gills and excrete excess water as dilute urine.
- Marine bony fish lose water through their gills and make up for it by drinking seawater, with specialized cells secreting sodium and chloride.
- Marine invertebrates and sharks have body fluids hypoosmotic to the surrounding seawater.
- The balance of water and salt in aquatic environments is influenced by drinking, secretion, and osmosis.
Water Regulation and Balance in Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments
- Evaporation is a major cause of water loss for organisms on land, influenced by temperature and air water content.
- In aquatic environments, water and salt move down concentration gradients through diffusion and osmosis.
- Terrestrial plants and animals regulate internal water by balancing acquisition against loss.
- Terrestrial animals gain water through drinking, food, and absorption from the air, while losing water through evaporation and secretions.
- Terrestrial plants gain water from the soil and air, and lose water through transpiration and secretions.
- Small terrestrial animals can absorb water from the air, while desert animals have specialized methods for water acquisition.
- Camels and Saguaro cacti have adaptations to acquire, store, and conserve water in the desert.
- In aquatic environments, organisms face challenges related to water and salt balance, with different strategies for freshwater fish and marine bony fish.
- Freshwater fish actively take in water through their gills and excrete excess water as dilute urine.
- Marine bony fish lose water through their gills and make up for it by drinking seawater, with specialized cells secreting sodium and chloride.
- Marine invertebrates and sharks have body fluids hypoosmotic to the surrounding seawater.
- The balance of water and salt in aquatic environments is influenced by drinking, secretion, and osmosis.
Water Regulation and Balance in Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments
- Evaporation is a major cause of water loss for organisms on land, influenced by temperature and air water content.
- In aquatic environments, water and salt move down concentration gradients through diffusion and osmosis.
- Terrestrial plants and animals regulate internal water by balancing acquisition against loss.
- Terrestrial animals gain water through drinking, food, and absorption from the air, while losing water through evaporation and secretions.
- Terrestrial plants gain water from the soil and air, and lose water through transpiration and secretions.
- Small terrestrial animals can absorb water from the air, while desert animals have specialized methods for water acquisition.
- Camels and Saguaro cacti have adaptations to acquire, store, and conserve water in the desert.
- In aquatic environments, organisms face challenges related to water and salt balance, with different strategies for freshwater fish and marine bony fish.
- Freshwater fish actively take in water through their gills and excrete excess water as dilute urine.
- Marine bony fish lose water through their gills and make up for it by drinking seawater, with specialized cells secreting sodium and chloride.
- Marine invertebrates and sharks have body fluids hypoosmotic to the surrounding seawater.
- The balance of water and salt in aquatic environments is influenced by drinking, secretion, and osmosis.
Test your knowledge of water regulation and balance in terrestrial and aquatic environments with this quiz. Explore how organisms on land and in water manage water loss and gain, and learn about the unique adaptations of desert animals and marine creatures. Delve into the mechanisms of evaporation, diffusion, osmosis, and the strategies used by terrestrial and aquatic organisms to maintain internal water balance.
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