Unit 1 Test

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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living things?

Living things do not change over time (correct)

Living things reproduce

Living things respond to their environment

Living things are made up of cells

Which of the following is a process that living things use to obtain energy?

Metabolism

Homeostasis

Photosynthesis (correct)

Aging

What is the basic unit of matter?

Cell

Molecule

Atom (correct)

Nucleus

What type of bond is formed by sharing electrons between two atoms?

Covalent bond Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature of science?

Relies on personal beliefs and opinions Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative observations?

Quantitative observations involve numbers, counting, and measuring objects, while qualitative observations involve characteristics that cannot easily be measured or counted Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of forming a hypothesis in the scientific method?

To provide a possible explanation or educated guess about some event in nature Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about covalent bonds in water molecules?

Covalent bonds in water molecules cause them to be polar. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about lipids?

Lipids are primarily made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of proteins?

Structural support Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for controlling most of the cell's processes and contains hereditary information?

Nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Regulates what enters and exits the cell Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for making proteins?

Ribosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chloroplasts in a cell?

Produces energy-rich food molecules Signup and view all the answers

Which process requires the input of energy and moves molecules and ions against a concentration difference?

Active Transport Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?

Endocytosis involves the fusion of vacuole membranes with the cell membrane, while exocytosis does not. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about active transport?

It can transport large amounts of material through movements of the cell membrane. Signup and view all the answers

How do bacteria and archaea reproduce?

Asexual reproduction by binary fission Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Prokaryotes lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about prokaryotic cellular components within the cytoplasm?

They were once thought to be unenclosed, except for an outer cell membrane. Signup and view all the answers

What is the process responsible for the movement of water across cell membranes in human cells?

Osmosis Signup and view all the answers

In which type of solution will a plant cell lose water by osmosis?

Hypertonic Signup and view all the answers

What is the movement of a solvent across a semipermeable membrane toward a higher concentration of solute called?

Osmosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the main agent of support in many plants?

Osmotic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a plant cell when it is placed in a solution that is hypertonic relative to the cytoplasm?

The cell shrinks Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about osmosis?

Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules from a region of high water potential to a region of low water potential. Signup and view all the answers

What determines the permeability of biological membranes to different molecules?

All of the above. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell membrane?

Cell wall Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of integral proteins in the cell membrane?

Serve as membrane transporters Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the permeability of the cell membrane?

It is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most abundant class of lipids in plasma membranes?

Phospholipids Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of unsaturated lipids on membrane fluidity?

Increase fluidity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary composition of the cell membrane?

Lipid bilayer Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?

The membrane is composed of a lipid bilayer with proteins embedded within it Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to refer to isotopes that have never been observed to decay?

Stable isotopes Signup and view all the answers

What is the atomic number of an atom?

The number of protons in the atom's nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the term 'isotope'?

Isotopes are different forms of the same element with the same atomic number but different mass numbers. Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is formed between amino acids to create a protein chain?

Peptide bond Signup and view all the answers

Which level of protein structure refers to the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain?

Primary structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the three-dimensional structure created by a single protein molecule called?

Tertiary structure Signup and view all the answers

Which type of unsaturated fatty acid increases cellular membrane fluidity?

cis Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fatty acid configuration has a shape similar to straight saturated fatty acids?

trans Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fatty acid configuration is not found in nature and is the result of human processing?

trans Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the degradation of biomolecules in animal cells?

Lysosome Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a unifying theme in biology?

The diversity of life Signup and view all the answers

What is the most abundant molecule in every organism?

Water Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about water's molecular structure?

Water is a small polar molecule Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a property of water?

Water has a low specific heat capacity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about macromolecules?

Macromolecules are made up of polymers such as sugars, amino acids, and nucleotides Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about diffusion?

Diffusion is the movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. Signup and view all the answers