10 Questions
What is the pressure at a depth of 150 meters?
2.5 Bars
If the volume of a balloon at the surface (1 Bar) is 4 L, what would be its volume at a depth of 200 meters?
2 L
What is the density of air at 300 meters depth?
4 kg/L
What volume of water would displace a buoyant force of 1.85 kg at 100 meters depth?
1.85 L
Which statement about the relationship between pressure and volume is correct?
As pressure increases, volume decreases.
At a depth of 66 feet, how much atmospheric pressure does a diver experience?
3 atmospheres
How much air does a diver use at a depth of 66 feet compared to the surface?
125%
What happens to the volume of air in a diver's lungs when they descend to a depth of 33 feet?
Decreases by 50%
If a diver descends to 30 meters (approximately 98 feet), what will happen to their 1 liter of air when it compresses?
Compresses to 250 ml
What are some potential effects on a diver due to increased water pressure at depth?
Discomfort in ears, difficulty breathing, and sinus pain
Study Notes
Water Pressure
- The absolute pressure at the surface is P0, and it increases by 1 Bar for every 10 meters of depth.
- The volume of water remains constant at 1 L for every depth, and the density remains the same at 1 kg/L.
Boyle's Law
- PV = constant
- n, the number of moles, remains constant, making the quantity of water constant.
Gas Compression
- As pressure increases, volume decreases.
- Density stays the same for every depth.
- According to Boyle's Law, PV = constant, and n, the number of moles, remains constant.
Balloon Example
- A 4 L balloon filled with 3.7 L of air is affected by pressure changes at different depths.
- At 100m, the pressure is 2 Bars, and the volume is 1.85 L.
- At 200m, the pressure is 3 Bars, and the volume is 1.23 L.
- At 300m, the pressure is 4 Bars, and the volume is 0.93 L.
- At 400m, the pressure is 5 Bars, and the volume is 0.74 L.
Buoyancy
- A buoyant object will float to the surface, but will sink if anchored or tied to a weight.
- Buoyancy force can be calculated based on the volume of the object.
Diving
- Increased water pressure affects the body, requiring divers to deal with the pressure.
- As you descend, air volume decreases, and pressure increases by 1 atmosphere every 10 meters or 33 feet.
- This means that at 33 feet, you will experience twice the weight of the atmosphere, equivalent to two cars on top of you.
Air Volume and Density
- Water does not compress, but air does, causing the volume of air to decrease with depth.
- As you descend, air compresses until it reaches a point where it doesn't compress anymore.
- Air will always change its volume according to the surrounding pressure.
Diving Risks
- If you don't equalize your ears, you might experience discomfort and injury due to the pressure change.
- The deeper you go, the more pressure on your lungs, requiring deeper breathing to get the same amount of oxygen.
- This affects air supply, causing you to exhaust your air supply quicker.
- You will use 113% of air for a 33-foot descent, and 125% for another 33-foot descent.
This quiz explores the relationship between water pressure and volume at different depths, including the effect of pressure on density.
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