Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the MCL for TTHM's?
What is the MCL for TTHM's?
- 0.06 ppm
- 0.01 ppm
- 0.08 ppm (correct)
- 0.015 ppm
What is the MCL for HAA5's?
What is the MCL for HAA5's?
- 0.015 ppm
- 0.08 ppm
- 0.06 ppm (correct)
- 0.01 ppm
What is the MCL for Arsenic?
What is the MCL for Arsenic?
- 0.01 ppm (correct)
- 0.015 ppm
- 0.08 ppm
- 0.06 ppm
What is the MCL for Lead?
What is the MCL for Lead?
A turbidity meter must be calibrated every ______ days.
A turbidity meter must be calibrated every ______ days.
What is the MCL for turbidity?
What is the MCL for turbidity?
What must pH meters be calibrated using?
What must pH meters be calibrated using?
What indicates algae blooms in reservoir water?
What indicates algae blooms in reservoir water?
What causes mudballs?
What causes mudballs?
Lime can only be used to soften water with [blank].
Lime can only be used to soften water with [blank].
What is the hardness of water leaving a Zeolite softener?
What is the hardness of water leaving a Zeolite softener?
What is the top layer of a slow sand filter called?
What is the top layer of a slow sand filter called?
What processes does a solids contact unit combine?
What processes does a solids contact unit combine?
What is the PMCL for fluoride?
What is the PMCL for fluoride?
Flock will settle better in what type of water?
Flock will settle better in what type of water?
What type of pH is required for the greensand manganese removal process?
What type of pH is required for the greensand manganese removal process?
What do aeration processes release from water?
What do aeration processes release from water?
What is the most accurate method of determining chlorine residual?
What is the most accurate method of determining chlorine residual?
What is used to titrate an alkalinity sample?
What is used to titrate an alkalinity sample?
What is a beaker used for?
What is a beaker used for?
What does NTU stand for?
What does NTU stand for?
How long must bacteria results be kept?
How long must bacteria results be kept?
How long must chemical results be kept?
How long must chemical results be kept?
What are the four ways water meters operate?
What are the four ways water meters operate?
What does a preventative maintenance program include?
What does a preventative maintenance program include?
What advantage does a standpipe offer?
What advantage does a standpipe offer?
What does GIS stand for?
What does GIS stand for?
What is the consequence of high flow rates in pumps?
What is the consequence of high flow rates in pumps?
What are three ways sludge is removed from a settling basin?
What are three ways sludge is removed from a settling basin?
What are the four zones of a settling basin?
What are the four zones of a settling basin?
Are polyphosphates injected before or after chlorination?
Are polyphosphates injected before or after chlorination?
What is a nonionic polymer usually used for?
What is a nonionic polymer usually used for?
What are three 'bugs' targeted by the SWTR?
What are three 'bugs' targeted by the SWTR?
What should be done with backwash water?
What should be done with backwash water?
What does activated carbon remove from water?
What does activated carbon remove from water?
What are methods for removing THM's from water?
What are methods for removing THM's from water?
Does algae produce more or less oxygen at night compared to day?
Does algae produce more or less oxygen at night compared to day?
A LOG removal of 4 is what percent?
A LOG removal of 4 is what percent?
What is one outstanding advantage of ozone?
What is one outstanding advantage of ozone?
What are three forms of combined chlorine residual?
What are three forms of combined chlorine residual?
What are TOC's a precursor in the formation of?
What are TOC's a precursor in the formation of?
What is the purpose of a pipet?
What is the purpose of a pipet?
What is a spore?
What is a spore?
What tools are used to align a coupling between a motor and a pump?
What tools are used to align a coupling between a motor and a pump?
Rate of flow controllers work on what principle?
Rate of flow controllers work on what principle?
What is hydraulic grade line?
What is hydraulic grade line?
What is an RPZ backflow preventor used for?
What is an RPZ backflow preventor used for?
What percentage of total electrical use do electric motors in a water plant account for?
What percentage of total electrical use do electric motors in a water plant account for?
Excessive nitrates in water causes what condition?
Excessive nitrates in water causes what condition?
Filter beds should expand how much when backwashing?
Filter beds should expand how much when backwashing?
What condition indicates a reservoir is rich in nutrients such as phosphates and nitrogen?
What condition indicates a reservoir is rich in nutrients such as phosphates and nitrogen?
How would you start a power management program?
How would you start a power management program?
What is an end point?
What is an end point?
What is the MCL for nitrates?
What is the MCL for nitrates?
What is the IDHL level for chlorine gas?
What is the IDHL level for chlorine gas?
If you breathe chlorine gas, what should you drink?
If you breathe chlorine gas, what should you drink?
What's one of the two situations that can cause a well screen to become clogged?
What's one of the two situations that can cause a well screen to become clogged?
How do you notify the public about an acute MCL violation on a community system?
How do you notify the public about an acute MCL violation on a community system?
What are three ways algae can affect filter plants?
What are three ways algae can affect filter plants?
What are the indicator and titrant when testing for chlorides?
What are the indicator and titrant when testing for chlorides?
What is the MCL for coliform if you take 40 or more samples per month?
What is the MCL for coliform if you take 40 or more samples per month?
What determines the quality of the water entering the distribution system from a filter plant?
What determines the quality of the water entering the distribution system from a filter plant?
What is a coupon used for?
What is a coupon used for?
A fully open chlorine bottle is how many turns?
A fully open chlorine bottle is how many turns?
What is chlorine repair kit 'A' used for?
What is chlorine repair kit 'A' used for?
What can be used to prevent back siphonage?
What can be used to prevent back siphonage?
What are sodium chlorite and chlorine used for?
What are sodium chlorite and chlorine used for?
Why is ozone made on site?
Why is ozone made on site?
What can a multistage pump create a large amount of?
What can a multistage pump create a large amount of?
What can pump curves include?
What can pump curves include?
What can happen due to overlubrication in centrifugal pumps?
What can happen due to overlubrication in centrifugal pumps?
What is percolation?
What is percolation?
What is the white pill in a sample bag?
What is the white pill in a sample bag?
What can cause water to be corrosive?
What can cause water to be corrosive?
What are two nuisance organisms?
What are two nuisance organisms?
What are the SMCL for Iron and for Manganese?
What are the SMCL for Iron and for Manganese?
What does 'sequester' mean in water treatment?
What does 'sequester' mean in water treatment?
What year was the SDWA signed into law?
What year was the SDWA signed into law?
What does a higher c-factor imply about a pipe?
What does a higher c-factor imply about a pipe?
What type of storage is used for a filter plant?
What type of storage is used for a filter plant?
Where should shut-off valves be located?
Where should shut-off valves be located?
How far should hydrants be located from each other?
How far should hydrants be located from each other?
What is the most commonly used joint in piping?
What is the most commonly used joint in piping?
What does CFR stand for?
What does CFR stand for?
What type of valve is used to regulate flow?
What type of valve is used to regulate flow?
What distance should road signs be apart?
What distance should road signs be apart?
What does SCADA stand for?
What does SCADA stand for?
What carries finished water out of a filter?
What carries finished water out of a filter?
What are the four cycles of a zeolite softener?
What are the four cycles of a zeolite softener?
What type of process is a zeolite softener?
What type of process is a zeolite softener?
What is the action level for lead?
What is the action level for lead?
What are types of well screens?
What are types of well screens?
What is activated carbon used to remove?
What is activated carbon used to remove?
How often should a hypochlorinator be calibrated?
How often should a hypochlorinator be calibrated?
What ions compose hardness?
What ions compose hardness?
Which part of the state sanitary code covers potable water?
Which part of the state sanitary code covers potable water?
What does NTU stand for in turbidity measurement?
What does NTU stand for in turbidity measurement?
What is cathodic protection used for?
What is cathodic protection used for?
What are the four zones of a settling basin?
What are the four zones of a settling basin?
What processes are combined in an upflow clarifier?
What processes are combined in an upflow clarifier?
When operating a manganese greensand filter, what color should the water be just before entering the filter?
When operating a manganese greensand filter, what color should the water be just before entering the filter?
Study Notes
Water Quality Standards and Measurements
- TTHM MCL: Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs) is 0.08 ppm.
- HAA5 MCL: MCL for Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) is 0.06 ppm.
- Arsenic MCL: MCL for arsenic in drinking water is 0.01 ppm.
- Lead MCL: MCL for lead is set at 0.015 ppm.
- Nitrate MCL: The MCL for nitrates is 10 mg/L.
- Coliform MCL: For 40 or more samples per month, no more than 5% can be coliform-positive.
Water Treatment Techniques
- Turbidity Calibration: Turbidity meters should be calibrated every 90 days.
- Turbidity Standard: The MCL for turbidity requires less than 0.3 NTU for 95% of the time.
- Filtration Process: The top layer of a slow sand filter is known as the schmutzdecke.
- Coagulation Process: Coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation are critical processes in water treatment.
Equipment and Operations
- pH Calibration: pH meters require calibration with 2 buffers.
- Sludge Removal: Sludge is removed from settling basins using mechanical rakes, drag chains, or traveling bridges.
- Aeration: Aeration is crucial for releasing volatile organic compounds and gases from water.
Water Quality Issues
- Algae Blooms: A fishy or grassy taste in reservoir water may indicate algal blooms, which can complicate water treatment.
- Corrosion Indicators: Low pH, high CO2 levels, and low oxygen can cause corrosion in water systems.
Regulatory and Maintenance Practices
- SDWA Enactment: The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) was signed into law in 1974.
- Public Notification: To inform the public about an acute MCL violation, notifications should be made through paper (14 days), radio/TV (72 hours), and mail (45 days).
- Record Keeping: Bacterial test results must be kept for 5 years, while chemical results should be retained for 10 years.
Miscellaneous
- Backflow Prevention: Use of a vacuum breaker is necessary to prevent back siphonage.
- Zeolite Softener Cycles: A zeolite softener undergoes four cycles: service, backwash, brine, and rinse.
- Combined Chlorine: The forms of combined chlorine residual include monochloramines, dichloramines, and trichloramines.
- Energy Management: Understanding energy use and maintaining records are essential for initiating a power management program.
- Floc Settling: Floc will settle better in warmer water than in cooler conditions.
Water Composition
- Hardness Composition: Water hardness is primarily composed of calcium and magnesium ions.
- Turbidity Units: NTU stands for Nephelometric Turbidity Units, a measure of turbidity in water.
Chemicals and Reagents
- Chlorine Dioxide Preparation: Produced by mixing sodium chlorite and chlorine.
- Deadly Gas Response: Drinking milk is a recommended action if chlorine gas is inhaled.
- Sodium Thiosulfate: The white pill in a sample bag is sodium thiosulfate, used to neutralize chlorine.
Performance Indicators
- Filter Operation: The quality of water leaving a filter determines the water quality entering the distribution system.
- Monitoring Algae: Algae can clog intake screens, affect coagulation efficiency, and shorten filter runs, creating challenges in water treatment efficiency.
These concise notes cover essential points regarding water treatment standards, processes, equipment operation, public health regulations, and chemical handling, serving as a study guide for water operators.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This flashcard quiz focuses on essential concepts for Water Operator Class 3. You will learn about Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCL) for various substances such as TTHMs, HAA5s, arsenic, and lead. Test your knowledge and prepare effectively for the certification examination.
