40 Questions
What type of bacteria are known to produce a blue-green pigment and a fluorescent pigment?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Why is it important to eliminate endospores of bacteria in water treatment?
Because they are especially resistant to disinfecting agents
What is the primary reason for detecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water?
To monitor water quality
Why is Staphylococcus aureus being considered as an indicator of sanitary quality of recreational waters?
Because its presence is associated with human activity
What type of algae are widely present in freshwater environments?
All types of algae
What is the main purpose of microbiological analysis in water treatment?
To monitor water quality
What is the primary factor influencing algal growth in freshwater environments?
Multiple physical factors
What type of bacteria are commonly found in surface waters and soil?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What is the primary advantage of combining chlorination with filtration in drinking water supply?
Providing excellent disinfection and removal of pathogens
What is the main factor that affects the contact time required for chlorine to disinfect microorganisms?
All of the above
What is the primary role of chlorine in controlling biological growth in water supplies?
Eliminating algae, bacteria, and mold growth
What is the primary advantage of using chlorine dioxide over chlorine in water disinfection?
All of the above
What is the primary role of hypochlorous acid in water disinfection?
Acting as a stronger disinfectant and oxidant
What determines the ratio of hypochlorous acid to hypochlorite ion in water?
pH level of the water
What is the primary role of chlorine in controlling taste and odor in water?
All of the above
What is the primary benefit of using chlorine as a disinfectant in water treatment?
Producing a potent germicide
What is the result of mineralization in water?
Formation of simple compounds
What is the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) a measure of?
Amount of oxygen used by microorganisms
What is the effect of discharging impurities into a water reservoir?
Sudden change in chemical, biological, and physical conditions
What type of bacteria are Salmonella and Shigella?
Obligate pathogenic bacteria
What is the role of self-purification in water?
Formation of zones with decreasing pollution levels
What type of bacteria are typically found in the digestive tract of humans and animals?
Facultatively pathogenic bacteria
What is the consequence of bacterial dysentery caused by Shigella?
Infections of the digestive tract
What is the habitat of opportunistic microorganisms?
Human or animal digestive tracts
What is the likely biochemical effect of UV radiation on microorganisms?
Change in the biochemical structure of nucleic acids
What is the optimal wavelength range for UV disinfection?
240-280 nm
What is the purpose of an activated carbon filter in a UV radiation system?
To remove metals and particulates
Why is UV radiation an effective disinfectant?
It causes an intracellular photochemical reaction
What is the primary limitation of using UV radiation for water disinfection?
It has no residual kill
What is the recommended concentration of chlorine for water disinfection in Kurdistan?
0.7 ppm
What is the primary mechanism of sedimentation in water treatment?
Gravity
What is a significant limitation of distillation as a water treatment method?
It is expensive to boil and cool water
Which of the following is the correct definition of potable water?
Water that is free of all objectionable materials including pathogens, colors, and toxins.
What is the main focus of water microbiology?
Study of microorganisms in potable water.
What is NOT a requirement for water to be considered potable?
Presence of low concentrations of dissolved salts.
Which of the following environments is associated with aquatic microbiology rather than water microbiology?
Planktons
Why is water treated and disinfected?
To remove chemicals and pathogens
Which of these microorganisms are commonly studied in microbiology?
Fungi and bacteria
What is the primary concern regarding raw water when it comes to human health?
Many contaminants derived from sewage and industries
Which factors have led to the improvement in water purification?
Recurrence of waterborne illness
This quiz covers the study of microorganisms in water, including aquatic microbiology and its scope, habitats, and communities.
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