Water Distribution Systems

What is the main purpose of a water distribution system?

To supply water to a single consumer only
To supply untreated water directly from the source
To supply water with appropriate quality, quantity, and pressure to consumers (correct)
To supply water for industrial purposes only

Why is it important for distribution pipes to be laid away from sewer lines?

To speed up the water flow in the pipes
To prevent contamination of the water supply (correct)
To reduce construction costs
To make the distribution network more visually appealing

What is one requirement of a good distribution system during fire fighting?

Capability to supply the requisite amount of water for fire fighting (correct)
Preventing any water flow during emergencies
Shutting down the water supply completely during fires
Reducing water pressure during fire incidents

Where are the distribution pipes generally laid in relation to road pavements?

Below the road pavements (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is one layout consideration for a distribution network to ensure continuous water supply during repairs?

Ensuring no consumer is without water during repair of any section (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why should a distribution system be fairly water-tight?

To minimize losses due to leakage (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of distribution reservoirs?

To absorb the hourly variations in demand. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Where should distribution reservoirs ideally be located?

Near the center of demand. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of assuming the magnitudes and directions of flows in each pipe in the Hardy Cross method?

To fulfill the law of continuity at each junction (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the storage capacity of a distribution reservoir composed of?

Breakdown storage and balancing storage. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which method is commonly used for pipe network analysis?

Hardy-Cross Method (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the Hardy Cross method, what is used to compute the corrected flows in the various pipes of a distribution network?

Head losses calculated with assumed flow (A) Signup and view all the answers

How is head loss expressed in the context of pipe network analysis?

$HL = K \cdot Q^x$ (A) Signup and view all the answers

What value is assumed to be constant for different formulas in the Hardy Cross method?

$2$ (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the assumed flow correction equation in the Hardy-Cross Method?

$d = Q - Qa$ (A) Signup and view all the answers

How are the closed loops in the distribution network analyzed in the Hardy Cross method?

By following tables 1 & 2 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What must be zero around a closed loop in a pipe network?

$\Sigma$ Head Losses (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate corrected flows after one correction in the Hardy Cross method?

$Q_{ ext{corrected}} = Q_{ ext{original}} - Q_{ ext{error}}$ (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of balancing storage in a distribution reservoir?

To equalize fluctuating demand against constant supply. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the corrected flow of a negative value for a pipe indicate in the context of the Hardy Cross method?

There is a miscalculation in the head loss calculations (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does fire storage provision account for in distribution reservoirs?

Requirements of water for extinguishing fires. (D) Signup and view all the answers

For what reason is emergency storage preserved in distribution reservoirs?

To tide over emergencies caused by failures like pump or electricity issues. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Water Distribution Systems

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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of a water distribution system?

Why is it important for distribution pipes to be laid away from sewer lines?

What is one requirement of a good distribution system during fire fighting?

Where are the distribution pipes generally laid in relation to road pavements?

What is one layout consideration for a distribution network to ensure continuous water supply during repairs?

Why should a distribution system be fairly water-tight?

What is the purpose of distribution reservoirs?

Where should distribution reservoirs ideally be located?

What is the purpose of assuming the magnitudes and directions of flows in each pipe in the Hardy Cross method?

What is the storage capacity of a distribution reservoir composed of?

Which method is commonly used for pipe network analysis?

In the Hardy Cross method, what is used to compute the corrected flows in the various pipes of a distribution network?

How is head loss expressed in the context of pipe network analysis?

What value is assumed to be constant for different formulas in the Hardy Cross method?

What is the assumed flow correction equation in the Hardy-Cross Method?

How are the closed loops in the distribution network analyzed in the Hardy Cross method?

What must be zero around a closed loop in a pipe network?

What is the formula to calculate corrected flows after one correction in the Hardy Cross method?

What is the purpose of balancing storage in a distribution reservoir?

What does the corrected flow of a negative value for a pipe indicate in the context of the Hardy Cross method?

What does fire storage provision account for in distribution reservoirs?

For what reason is emergency storage preserved in distribution reservoirs?

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