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Questions and Answers
What factors influence drying capacity during restoration procedures?
What factors influence drying capacity during restoration procedures?
Which class of water has the greatest potential for evaporation due to high absorption?
Which class of water has the greatest potential for evaporation due to high absorption?
What is the term for water originating from a sanitary source with low risk to humans?
What is the term for water originating from a sanitary source with low risk to humans?
Which class of water intrusion is characterized by wet porous materials representing ~5% to less than ~40% of the affected area?
Which class of water intrusion is characterized by wet porous materials representing ~5% to less than ~40% of the affected area?
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What is a requirement for employees under the Company Protection Plan before using respirators?
What is a requirement for employees under the Company Protection Plan before using respirators?
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How often should monitoring to document and adjust drying goals be performed?
How often should monitoring to document and adjust drying goals be performed?
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Which type of carpet installation is best extracted with a 'light wand'?
Which type of carpet installation is best extracted with a 'light wand'?
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What two documents are essential to determine the completion of evaporation and dehumidification?
What two documents are essential to determine the completion of evaporation and dehumidification?
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What are the recommended calculations after installing one airmover in each affected area?
What are the recommended calculations after installing one airmover in each affected area?
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When rounding calculations that end with a partial room, which direction should the rounding occur?
When rounding calculations that end with a partial room, which direction should the rounding occur?
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What can quickly cause airmovers to overheat and decrease cfm/air movement?
What can quickly cause airmovers to overheat and decrease cfm/air movement?
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Which four items greatly influence the rate of evaporation (correct evaporation PATH)?
Which four items greatly influence the rate of evaporation (correct evaporation PATH)?
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Upon what principle do refrigerant dehumidifiers operate?
Upon what principle do refrigerant dehumidifiers operate?
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What temperature range are refrigerant dehumidifiers rated most efficient?
What temperature range are refrigerant dehumidifiers rated most efficient?
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Which type of dehumidifier creates the greatest difference in Vapor Pressure?
Which type of dehumidifier creates the greatest difference in Vapor Pressure?
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Which drying technique involves using thermal energy?
Which drying technique involves using thermal energy?
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What term describes the amount of moisture in a given volume of air, expressed as a percentage of the total amount it could hold at a given temperature?
What term describes the amount of moisture in a given volume of air, expressed as a percentage of the total amount it could hold at a given temperature?
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What is the process of changing a solid directly to a gas, often used in freeze-drying?
What is the process of changing a solid directly to a gas, often used in freeze-drying?
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What effect does increasing room temperature have on evaporation rates?
What effect does increasing room temperature have on evaporation rates?
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At what relative humidity percent do microbial concerns typically become major?
At what relative humidity percent do microbial concerns typically become major?
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What is a force exerted in a gas state on a surrounding surface known as?
What is a force exerted in a gas state on a surrounding surface known as?
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What is the relative humidity percent at dew point temperature?
What is the relative humidity percent at dew point temperature?
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What humidity level is moisture always trying to reach without exceeding?
What humidity level is moisture always trying to reach without exceeding?
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What term describes the weight of moisture held in air?
What term describes the weight of moisture held in air?
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Which principle of drying is most effective in reducing drying time?
Which principle of drying is most effective in reducing drying time?
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What tool is used to safely extract water from hard surfaces without damaging finished flooring?
What tool is used to safely extract water from hard surfaces without damaging finished flooring?
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How is the formula to compute gallons of standing water written?
How is the formula to compute gallons of standing water written?
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What is the approximate number of gallons in a basement measuring 22 ft. x 22 ft. flooded with 3 ft. 3 inches of water?
What is the approximate number of gallons in a basement measuring 22 ft. x 22 ft. flooded with 3 ft. 3 inches of water?
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Which two tools are used to relieve tension on carpet while disengaging from tackstrip?
Which two tools are used to relieve tension on carpet while disengaging from tackstrip?
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What is the easiest carpet installation process to extract if it is glue-down or installed over cushion?
What is the easiest carpet installation process to extract if it is glue-down or installed over cushion?
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Which government regulatory agency dictates employee health and safety in the workplace?
Which government regulatory agency dictates employee health and safety in the workplace?
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Which relative humidity level will reduce the performance of a low grain refrigerant (LGR) dehumidifier?
Which relative humidity level will reduce the performance of a low grain refrigerant (LGR) dehumidifier?
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What is the primary purpose of a moisture sensor?
What is the primary purpose of a moisture sensor?
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Which equipment conditions does a thermo-hygrometer help determine?
Which equipment conditions does a thermo-hygrometer help determine?
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What type of meter provides relative readings and is not calibrated for moisture content?
What type of meter provides relative readings and is not calibrated for moisture content?
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What measurement is represented by CFM?
What measurement is represented by CFM?
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When should carpet cushion be removed in in-place drying for Category 1?
When should carpet cushion be removed in in-place drying for Category 1?
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How can false positive readings be created when using non-penetrating meters?
How can false positive readings be created when using non-penetrating meters?
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Which method is used to check behind trim molding with penetrating meters?
Which method is used to check behind trim molding with penetrating meters?
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What units represent FPM in airflow measurements?
What units represent FPM in airflow measurements?
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Study Notes
Water Damage Restoration - Determining Category and Class
- Water damage restoration procedures may vary depending on the class of water damage.
- Factors to estimate drying capacity include:
- HVAC and outdoor weather influence
- Build-out density
- Building construction complexity
Water Categories and Classes - Key Facts
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Category 1: Sanitary water source, posing minimal risk to humans.
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Category 2: Contaminated water, potentially causing discomfort or sickness.
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Category 3: Significantly contaminated water, posing a serious health risk.
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Class 1: Small area of water intrusion (less than 5% of floor, wall, and ceiling area combined) with minimal evaporation potential, due to limited material absorption.
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Class 2: Moderate area of water intrusion (5% to 40% of floor, wall, and ceiling area combined). Moderate amount of evaporation potential, due to moderate material absorption.
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Class 3: Significant area of water intrusion (more than 40% of floor, wall, and ceiling area combined). Maximum amount of evaporation potential, due to high material absorption.
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Class 4: Limited evaporation potential, due to deeper saturation and low permeance materials.
Drying Process and Equipment
- Four principles of successful drying: Removal, Evaporation, Dehumidification, Time.
- Tools for safely extracting water from hard surfaces:
- Wet vacuum, also known as a squeegee vacuum.
- Tools for relieving tension during carpet extraction:
- Carpet stretcher
- Knee kicker.
- Light wands are best for extracting water from carpets with certain installations.
- Air movers should be placed in each affected area and in rooms adjacent.
- LGR (Low grain refrigerant) dehumidifiers operate best in the temperature range of 85 - 90°F.
Dehumidifier Types and Specifications
- Conventional Refrigerant Dehumidifier: Average performance, typically around a relative humidity (RH) of 40%.
- Low Grain Refrigerant (LGR) Dehumidifier: Higher performance, typically around a RH of 30%.
- Desiccant Dehumidifier: Highest performance, capable of reaching below 10% RH.
Dehumidifier Capacity: Calculations and Monitoring
- AHAM (Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers) ratings for dehumidifiers are based on a specific temperature and RH.
- Grain Depression (GD) and cfm (cubic feet per minute) of dehumidifiers are necessary for determining estimated water removal.
- Evaporation rate is influenced by Permeance, Area, Temperature, and Humidity Ratio (gpp).
- Refrigerant dehumidifiers work by extracting moisture, cooling air, then warming it back up to return to the environment.
- Desiccant dehumidifiers work by using silica gel to absorb moisture.
Thermal Energy in Drying
- The two types of thermal energy techniques are Forced Air Heating and Radiant Heating.
- Ventilation is recommended when using thermal energy applications to increase the rate of evaporation.
Inspection Tools and Measurements
- Moisture sensors detect moisture levels, but have limited accuracy and do not show moisture content.
- Anemometers measure air flow in terms of cfm (cubic feet per minute) and fpm (feet per minute).
- Penetrating meters can be used to check for moisture through electrical conductivity.
- Non-penetrating meters provide relative moisture readings, but can also give false positives.
- Moisture content should be taken at various locations within the affected area.
- LCCC stands for Local Code, City Code, County Code, and Corporate Code.
Psychrometry
- Relative humidity is the amount of moisture in the air expressed as a percentage of what the air can hold at a certain temperature.
- Humidity Ratio, also known as gpp (grains per pound), describes the weight of moisture held in air.
- Vapor pressure is increased or decreased when the Humidity Ratio (gpp) is increased or decreased, respectively.
- Dew point is “the temperature at which air becomes saturated and condensation then begins on any surface colder than this temperature**.
- Evaporation is the process of a liquid turning into a gas.
- Sublimation is the process of a solid directly turning into a gas.
- Capillary action (wicking): Water moving through porous materials due to surface tension.
- Vapor Diffusion: The movement of water vapor from a high-pressure area to a low-pressure area.
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Description
This quiz explores the key concepts of water damage restoration, focusing on the different categories and classes of water damage. Understand the distinctions between Category 1, 2, and 3, as well as the implications of Class 1, 2, and 3 for restoration processes. Test your knowledge on how various factors influence restoration procedures.
