Podcast
Questions and Answers
What geological feature is formed when a loop of a meandering stream is cutoff, leaving behind the remnant of the channel?
What geological feature is formed when a loop of a meandering stream is cutoff, leaving behind the remnant of the channel?
- Terraces
- Sinkholes
- Natural levees
- Oxbow lakes (correct)
What type of channel consists of more than two streams of water that interconnect to form a network?
What type of channel consists of more than two streams of water that interconnect to form a network?
- Straight and sinuous channels
- Braided stream
- Meandering stream
- Anastomosing channels (correct)
What land feature represents step-like formations occurring when sediment is eroded and deposited along the banks of a river?
What land feature represents step-like formations occurring when sediment is eroded and deposited along the banks of a river?
- Terraces (correct)
- Natural levees
- Caves
- Oxbow lakes
What is the term used for underground water reservoirs that store groundwater like giant rock sponges?
What is the term used for underground water reservoirs that store groundwater like giant rock sponges?
What land feature can be created due to groundwater removal, leaving behind an empty space that causes the ground to sink down?
What land feature can be created due to groundwater removal, leaving behind an empty space that causes the ground to sink down?
What determines how fast water can move underground?
What determines how fast water can move underground?
What type of aquifer allows water to exit through topographical depressions like valleys?
What type of aquifer allows water to exit through topographical depressions like valleys?
What is the highest classification for spring water discharge amount?
What is the highest classification for spring water discharge amount?
Which type of well is made by driving a tube into the soil until it reaches an aquifer?
Which type of well is made by driving a tube into the soil until it reaches an aquifer?
What environmental problem arises when aquifers are overdrawn along coastal regions?
What environmental problem arises when aquifers are overdrawn along coastal regions?
What are drainage basins also known as?
What are drainage basins also known as?
What is the term used for the high ground that surrounds drainage basins?
What is the term used for the high ground that surrounds drainage basins?
Which of the following statements about streamflow is true?
Which of the following statements about streamflow is true?
What is the process of transportation of broken rock fragments from one place to another called?
What is the process of transportation of broken rock fragments from one place to another called?
What is the main idea behind the geological principle of uniformitarianism?
What is the main idea behind the geological principle of uniformitarianism?
Which of the following is NOT one of the key ideas that help determine the order of events in a landform diagram?
Which of the following is NOT one of the key ideas that help determine the order of events in a landform diagram?
What is the characteristic of the youth stage of a stream valley?
What is the characteristic of the youth stage of a stream valley?
What is the ultimate base level of a stream?
What is the ultimate base level of a stream?
Which of the following processes is NOT involved in the formation of bedrock channels?
Which of the following processes is NOT involved in the formation of bedrock channels?
What is the rate of energy loss on a channel bed that can lead to erosion called?
What is the rate of energy loss on a channel bed that can lead to erosion called?
What causes sinkholes to form?
What causes sinkholes to form?
What is the difference between a cave and a cavern?
What is the difference between a cave and a cavern?
What is the difference between the accumulation zone and the ablation zone of a glacier?
What is the difference between the accumulation zone and the ablation zone of a glacier?
What process allows glaciers to move over obstacles and rough ground?
What process allows glaciers to move over obstacles and rough ground?
What are kettle lakes?
What are kettle lakes?
What is the process called when snow and ice are added to a glacier?
What is the process called when snow and ice are added to a glacier?
What term describes the removal of snow or ice from a glacier?
What term describes the removal of snow or ice from a glacier?
What are the floating masses of ice called that break off from a glacier and fall into water?
What are the floating masses of ice called that break off from a glacier and fall into water?
What term describes the direct change from a solid to a gas?
What term describes the direct change from a solid to a gas?
What is the leading edge of a glacier called?
What is the leading edge of a glacier called?
What term is used when the leading edge of a glacier does not travel as far as it previously did due to ablation exceeding accumulation?
What term is used when the leading edge of a glacier does not travel as far as it previously did due to ablation exceeding accumulation?
What happens when there is equal balance between accumulation and ablation in a glacier?
What happens when there is equal balance between accumulation and ablation in a glacier?
What term describes the balance between accumulation and ablation in a glacier?
What term describes the balance between accumulation and ablation in a glacier?
What happens if there is more growth than melting in a glacier?
What happens if there is more growth than melting in a glacier?
What is the result of a negative mass balance in a glacier?
What is the result of a negative mass balance in a glacier?
What is another term used to refer to drainage basins?
What is another term used to refer to drainage basins?
Which geological process involves the transportation of broken rock fragments from one location to another?
Which geological process involves the transportation of broken rock fragments from one location to another?
What type of flow in a stream involves water particles flowing in a straight line in parallel layers with slow velocity?
What type of flow in a stream involves water particles flowing in a straight line in parallel layers with slow velocity?
Which of the following best describes the concept of uniformitarianism in geology?
Which of the following best describes the concept of uniformitarianism in geology?
What geological processes are constantly shaping and modifying landscapes over time?
What geological processes are constantly shaping and modifying landscapes over time?
What is the main difference between runoff and infiltration in the water cycle?
What is the main difference between runoff and infiltration in the water cycle?
What is a major factor that determines the rate of infiltration?
What is a major factor that determines the rate of infiltration?
What is the potential negative impact of runoff on the environment?
What is the potential negative impact of runoff on the environment?
What is the definition of a drainage basin?
What is the definition of a drainage basin?
Which of the following rock types is most permeable, allowing water to flow through easily?
Which of the following rock types is most permeable, allowing water to flow through easily?
What is the main characteristic of the maturity stage of a stream valley?
What is the main characteristic of the maturity stage of a stream valley?
What is the process by which particles scrape against each other, leading to the formation of bedrock channels?
What is the process by which particles scrape against each other, leading to the formation of bedrock channels?
Which of the following is NOT a type of base level for a stream?
Which of the following is NOT a type of base level for a stream?
What is the term used for the wide and level bottom of a stream valley that develops during the maturity stage?
What is the term used for the wide and level bottom of a stream valley that develops during the maturity stage?
What is the term used for the erosion and transport of large chunks of rock, which is a process involved in the formation of bedrock channels?
What is the term used for the erosion and transport of large chunks of rock, which is a process involved in the formation of bedrock channels?
What determines the direction and rate of flow of water underground?
What determines the direction and rate of flow of water underground?
Which type of aquifer allows water to exit through topographical depressions such as valleys?
Which type of aquifer allows water to exit through topographical depressions such as valleys?
What is the most essential factor affecting the quality of spring water for drinking purposes?
What is the most essential factor affecting the quality of spring water for drinking purposes?
Which type of well is made by driving a tube into the soil until it reaches an aquifer?
Which type of well is made by driving a tube into the soil until it reaches an aquifer?
What environmental problem arises when aquifers are overdrawn along coastal regions?
What environmental problem arises when aquifers are overdrawn along coastal regions?
What is the main difference between cave and cavern?
What is the main difference between cave and cavern?
What is the difference between an alpine glacier and a tidewater glacier?
What is the difference between an alpine glacier and a tidewater glacier?
What is the term used to describe the deposition of loose sediments contributing to the formation of alluvial channels?
What is the term used to describe the deposition of loose sediments contributing to the formation of alluvial channels?
What happens to the terminus of a glacier when more ice melts than freezes?
What happens to the terminus of a glacier when more ice melts than freezes?
What landform is created when an area carved out by a glacier fills with water?
What landform is created when an area carved out by a glacier fills with water?
Which of the following is NOT a type of alluvial channel mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT a type of alluvial channel mentioned in the text?
What geological feature is formed when excess water erodes the surrounding riverbank, creating a wide, flat plain?
What geological feature is formed when excess water erodes the surrounding riverbank, creating a wide, flat plain?
Which process allows a glacier to move over obstacles and rough ground?
Which process allows a glacier to move over obstacles and rough ground?
What are the step-like land features called that occur when sediment is eroded and deposited along the banks of a river?
What are the step-like land features called that occur when sediment is eroded and deposited along the banks of a river?
What type of channel consists of more than two streams of water that interconnect to form a network?
What type of channel consists of more than two streams of water that interconnect to form a network?
What is the process by which large chunks of ice break off a glacier and fall into water?
What is the process by which large chunks of ice break off a glacier and fall into water?
If a glacier's accumulation exceeds its ablation, what will happen to the glacier?
If a glacier's accumulation exceeds its ablation, what will happen to the glacier?
What is the term used to describe the leading edge of a glacier?
What is the term used to describe the leading edge of a glacier?
What happens when a glacier is in equilibrium?
What happens when a glacier is in equilibrium?
What is the process called when snow and ice are added to a glacier?
What is the process called when snow and ice are added to a glacier?
If a glacier's ablation exceeds its accumulation, what will happen to the glacier?
If a glacier's ablation exceeds its accumulation, what will happen to the glacier?
What is the direct change from a solid to a gas called?
What is the direct change from a solid to a gas called?
What term describes the balance between accumulation and ablation in a glacier?
What term describes the balance between accumulation and ablation in a glacier?
Which of the following processes is NOT involved in the ablation (wastage) of a glacier?
Which of the following processes is NOT involved in the ablation (wastage) of a glacier?
What is the term used when the leading edge of a glacier does not travel as far as it previously did due to ablation exceeding accumulation?
What is the term used when the leading edge of a glacier does not travel as far as it previously did due to ablation exceeding accumulation?
Study Notes
Geological Features and Processes
- Oxbow lake is formed when a loop of a meandering stream is cutoff, leaving behind the remnant of the channel.
- Braided channel consists of more than two streams of water that interconnect to form a network.
- Terraces are step-like formations occurring when sediment is eroded and deposited along the banks of a river.
Aquifers and Groundwater
- Aquifers are underground water reservoirs that store groundwater like giant rock sponges.
- An artesian well is made by driving a tube into the soil until it reaches an aquifer.
- Permeability of an aquifer and the pressure of the water determine how fast water can move underground.
- Unconfined aquifers allow water to exit through topographical depressions like valleys.
- The highest classification for spring water discharge amount is an artesian well.
Glaciers and Landforms
- A calving glacier is formed when ice breaks off from a glacier and falls into water.
- A kettle lake is a landform created when an area carved out by a glacier fills with water.
- Glaciers move over obstacles and rough ground through a process called basal sliding.
- The accumulation zone of a glacier is where snow and ice are added, and the ablation zone is where they are removed.
Uniformitarianism and Geological Processes
- Uniformitarianism is the concept that geological processes occurring today have shaped the Earth's landscape over time.
- Runoff occurs when precipitation flows over the ground surface, and infiltration occurs when it seeps into the soil.
- Permeability of rocks affects the rate of infiltration.
- Geological processes involved in the formation of bedrock channels include erosion, transportation, and deposition of rock fragments.
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Description
Learn about the difference between runoff and infiltration in the water cycle. Understand how water moves across surfaces and seeps into the soil, impacting the environment. Explore how runoff eventually ends up in lakes and oceans.
