Water Crisis in India

Water Crisis in India

• India, the second largest populated country in the world, has only 4% of freshwater resources available, despite having 16% of the world's population.
• Millions of Indians lack access to safe drinking water, and women in some areas have to walk several kilometers to fetch water for household needs.

Ways Water is Wasted

• Washing cars
• Using fountains and sprinklers

The Earth's Water

• The Earth is known as the "Blue Planet" because water bodies cover nearly 71% of its surface.
• Ocean and seas contain saline water, making up 96.5% of the Earth's water, while lakes, ponds, and rivers contain freshwater, making up only 0.5% of the Earth's surface.

The Hydrological Cycle

• The hydrological cycle, also known as the water cycle, is a continuous process where water is recycled through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.
• The Sun heats up water bodies, causing water to evaporate as water vapor, which rises in the air and cools, condensing into tiny water droplets that form clouds.
• When the clouds become too heavy, the water droplets fall as precipitation (rain or snow) on the Earth's surface.

Saline Water Bodies

• Oceans are larger than seas and contain dissolved salts, making them saline.
• The four major oceans are the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Arctic Ocean.

Oceans

• The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean, covering an area more than the combined area of all continents, and is almost circular in shape.
• The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean, shaped like the letter "S", and is the busiest of all oceans due to its many shipping routes.
• The Indian Ocean is named after India, indicating its strategic location, and is roughly triangular in shape.

Other Key Facts

• The Arctic Ocean is linked to the Pacific Ocean in the north.
• The largest ocean, Pacific Ocean, has the "Ring of Fire" on its edges, with a concentration of maximum active volcanoes.
• The Atlantic Ocean has many natural harbors on its coastline, making it a busy shipping route.

Quiz on the freshwater crisis in India, where 16% of the population has access to only 4% of freshwater resources, and millions lack safe drinking water.