Questions and Answers
List at least ten ways water is wasted by human beings.
washing the car, using fountains and sprinklers, leaving taps running, over-irrigation in agriculture, water leakages, long showers, not fixing leaks, using dishwashers and washing machines when not full, watering lawns on rainy days, bottled water consumption
Name the continents bordering the Pacific Ocean.
Asia, Australia, North America, South America, Antarctica
Study Notes
Water Crisis in India
- India, the second largest populated country in the world, has only 4% of freshwater resources available, despite having 16% of the world's population.
- Millions of Indians lack access to safe drinking water, and women in some areas have to walk several kilometers to fetch water for household needs.
Ways Water is Wasted
- Washing cars
- Using fountains and sprinklers
The Earth's Water
- The Earth is known as the "Blue Planet" because water bodies cover nearly 71% of its surface.
- Ocean and seas contain saline water, making up 96.5% of the Earth's water, while lakes, ponds, and rivers contain freshwater, making up only 0.5% of the Earth's surface.
The Hydrological Cycle
- The hydrological cycle, also known as the water cycle, is a continuous process where water is recycled through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.
- The Sun heats up water bodies, causing water to evaporate as water vapor, which rises in the air and cools, condensing into tiny water droplets that form clouds.
- When the clouds become too heavy, the water droplets fall as precipitation (rain or snow) on the Earth's surface.
Saline Water Bodies
- Oceans are larger than seas and contain dissolved salts, making them saline.
- The four major oceans are the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Arctic Ocean.
Oceans
- The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean, covering an area more than the combined area of all continents, and is almost circular in shape.
- The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean, shaped like the letter "S", and is the busiest of all oceans due to its many shipping routes.
- The Indian Ocean is named after India, indicating its strategic location, and is roughly triangular in shape.
Other Key Facts
- The Arctic Ocean is linked to the Pacific Ocean in the north.
- The largest ocean, Pacific Ocean, has the "Ring of Fire" on its edges, with a concentration of maximum active volcanoes.
- The Atlantic Ocean has many natural harbors on its coastline, making it a busy shipping route.
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Description
Quiz on the freshwater crisis in India, where 16% of the population has access to only 4% of freshwater resources, and millions lack safe drinking water.