Water and Forests Quiz

Water and Water Cycle

• States of Water: Water exists as a solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (water vapor).

• Water Stores: Water is stored in various locations including glaciers, groundwater, lakes, and oceans.

• Hydrologic Cycle: The continuous movement of water through the environment, including precipitation, groundwater flow, surface runoff, evaporation, and transpiration. Condensation is also part of this cycle.

• Water Budget: The balance between water inputs (e.g., precipitation) and outputs (e.g., evaporation/transpiration) determines if there's a surplus or deficit. A surplus occurs when inputs exceed outputs, and a deficit when outputs exceed inputs.

Water Issues

• Floods: Result from the overflow of large bodies of water.

• Droughts: Occur when an area receives very little rain over an extended period of time.

Water Use

• Agriculture: Uses the most significant amount of water.

• Industry: Uses water for cooling machinery.

• Domestic: Uses water for tasks like showering and laundry.

• Recreation: Uses water for activities like water sports (least used).

Tropical Rainforest (TRF)

• Location: Primarily near the equator.

• Characteristics: Evergreen forest with distinct layers (emergent, canopy, undergrowth).

• Adaptations: Drip tips, broad leaves, waxy leaves, and buttress roots (to cope with high rainfall and humidity).

Mangroves

• Location: Coastal areas, often in sheltered environments.

• Characteristics: Lower plant diversity compared to TRFs, with horizontal layers.

• Adaptations: Salt-secreting leaves, aerial roots, and salt-extruding root systems, allowing these trees to survive in saline conditions/water.

Forest Uses

• Habitation: Forests provide places for people to live.

• Food: Forests are a source of food.

• Raw Materials: Forests provide raw materials for various products.

• Recreation: Forests offer opportunities for recreation.

Forest Impacts/Management

• Deforestation: The removal of trees from forests.

• Greenhouse Effect: Activities that lead increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

• Sustainable Management: Practices like rehabilitating disturbed areas, promoting education, regulating forestry activities, and establishing protected areas can help maintain forests sustainably.

General Skills (Short Answer)

• Identification: Identifying a subject or item. (1 mark) [Example]

• Calculation: Mathematical problems requiring a calculation. (1 mark) [Example]

• Suggestion: Recommendations or ideas based on knowledge. (1 mark) [Example]

• Description: Providing a detailed account of a topic or item, with explanations. 2 marks [Example]

• Comparison: Identifying similarities and differences between two items or subjects. 2 Marks[Examples:

• A and B are similar.. for example..]

• A and B differ, For example..]

• Explanation (with Graph): Analyzing data, explaining findings with reference to graphs, including: Point, Explanation, and Connection to the graph. 3 marks

• Evaluation: Assessing positive and negative points about a subject.(e.g., Good/Bad example of something), Advantages/disadvantages of a subject, or concept, including examples.