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Questions and Answers
What is the etiologic agent for Amoebiasis?
What is the etiologic agent for Amoebiasis?
Entamoeba histolytica
How is Cholera primarily transmitted?
How is Cholera primarily transmitted?
- Bite of infected vectors
- By inhaling infected droplets
- Through sexual contact
- Ingestion of contaminated food or water (correct)
What is another name for Bacillary Dysentery? Also known as ________.
What is another name for Bacillary Dysentery? Also known as ________.
Shigellosis
Typhoid Fever is caused by Salmonella typhi.
Typhoid Fever is caused by Salmonella typhi.
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Match the following diseases with their etiologic agents:
Match the following diseases with their etiologic agents:
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Study Notes
Amoebiasis (Amoebic Dysentery)
- Caused by Entamoeba histolytica
- Two developmental stages:
- Trophozoites (facultative form that invades tissues and found in parasitized tissues and liquid colonic contents)
- Cysts (infective stage formed in stool, resistant to environmental conditions)
- Incubation period: usually 1-4 hours, but can be shorter; hepatic amebiasis can present 2-5 months later
- Mode of transmission:
- Fecal-oral transmission
- Humans acquire disease by ingesting viable cysts
- Diagnostic procedure:
- Stool exam (cysts, pus maybe white or yellow with plenty of amoeba)
- Blood exam (leukocytosis)
- Liver scan via MRI
- Proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy (carried out by a specialized physician to prevent perforation)
- Barium enema
- Treatment modalities:
- Metronidazole (Flagyl) 800 mg TID for 5 days
- Tetracycline 250 mg every 6 hours
- Ampicillin, quinolones, sulfadiazine, streptomycin sulfate, chloramphenicol
- Fluid and electrolytes replacement
- Nursing management:
- Isolation, enteric precautions
- Educate patients, families, and communities about disease prevention
- Emphasize boiling water for drinking and avoiding washing food with contaminated water
- Cover leftover food, wash hands after defecation or before eating
- Avoid ground vegetables
- Pathognomonic sign: Rice watery stool
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