Water and Electrolyte Balance Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason for fluid movement between compartments?

  • Hydrostatic pressure (correct)
  • Facilitated transport
  • Osmosis
  • ATP usage
  • Which organ has the highest proportion of water in the body?

  • Heart
  • Kidneys (correct)
  • Liver
  • Lungs
  • How do solutes primarily move through membranes actively?

  • Osmosis
  • Diffusion
  • Facilitated transport
  • Using ATP and energy (correct)
  • What percentage of our total water is the intracellular fluid (ICF)?

    <p>60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance has high amounts in extracellular fluid (ECF)?

    <p>Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What signals the increase in thirst due to an increase in blood plasma osmolarity?

    <p>Increase in blood concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for nerve excitability, endocrine function, membrane permeability, buffering body fluids, and controlling fluid movement?

    <p>Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte is essential for muscle contraction, enzyme activity, blood coagulation, stabilizing cell membranes, and releasing neurotransmitters?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main contributor to the osmotic pressure gradient in the extracellular fluid?

    <p>Chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition results from too little potassium in the body?

    <p>Hypokalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH value of pure water on the pH scale?

    <p>$7$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is bicarbonate produced in the body?

    <p>By carbon dioxide and water reacting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes hypercapnia?

    <p>Too much carbon dioxide in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system controls the acid-base balance within minutes?

    <p>Respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of metabolic acidosis?

    <p>Weakness, diarrhea, easily fatigued, tingling or numb extremities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does hydrogen ion compete with potassium in the sodium pump?

    <p>By being captured by sulfates, phosphates or ammonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

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