16 Questions
What is the main reason for fluid movement between compartments?
Hydrostatic pressure
Which organ has the highest proportion of water in the body?
Kidneys
How do solutes primarily move through membranes actively?
Using ATP and energy
What percentage of our total water is the intracellular fluid (ICF)?
60%
Which substance has high amounts in extracellular fluid (ECF)?
Sodium
What signals the increase in thirst due to an increase in blood plasma osmolarity?
Increase in blood concentration
What is responsible for nerve excitability, endocrine function, membrane permeability, buffering body fluids, and controlling fluid movement?
Sodium
Which electrolyte is essential for muscle contraction, enzyme activity, blood coagulation, stabilizing cell membranes, and releasing neurotransmitters?
Calcium
What is the main contributor to the osmotic pressure gradient in the extracellular fluid?
Chloride
Which condition results from too little potassium in the body?
Hypokalemia
What is the pH value of pure water on the pH scale?
$7$
How is bicarbonate produced in the body?
By carbon dioxide and water reacting
What causes hypercapnia?
Too much carbon dioxide in the blood
Which system controls the acid-base balance within minutes?
Respiratory system
What are the symptoms of metabolic acidosis?
Weakness, diarrhea, easily fatigued, tingling or numb extremities
How does hydrogen ion compete with potassium in the sodium pump?
By being captured by sulfates, phosphates or ammonia
Test your knowledge about water and electrolyte balance in the body. Learn about the importance of solutes, electrolytes like sodium, osmosis, and the distribution of water in different body organs.
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