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Questions and Answers
When humidity is 100%, the air can hold more water before it rains.
When humidity is 100%, the air can hold more water before it rains.
False (B)
A sea breeze is formed when warm air rises and cool air from the sea moves in to replace it.
A sea breeze is formed when warm air rises and cool air from the sea moves in to replace it.
True (A)
Tornadoes are formed only in dry weather and cannot occur during thunderstorms.
Tornadoes are formed only in dry weather and cannot occur during thunderstorms.
False (B)
Clouds can form when a large mass of cold air moves under a warm moist air mass, pushing it upward.
Clouds can form when a large mass of cold air moves under a warm moist air mass, pushing it upward.
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Point source pollution can result from trash dumping, but not from oil spills.
Point source pollution can result from trash dumping, but not from oil spills.
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Water is a compound that consists of two oxygen atoms and one hydrogen atom.
Water is a compound that consists of two oxygen atoms and one hydrogen atom.
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The solid state of most substances is denser than the liquid state.
The solid state of most substances is denser than the liquid state.
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Pure water freezes at 100°C under standard atmospheric pressure.
Pure water freezes at 100°C under standard atmospheric pressure.
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Ice is denser than liquid water, which allows it to float.
Ice is denser than liquid water, which allows it to float.
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The human brain is made up of approximately 95% water.
The human brain is made up of approximately 95% water.
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Water can be separated into hydrogen and oxygen through a process of electrolysis.
Water can be separated into hydrogen and oxygen through a process of electrolysis.
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Up to 90% of some organisms' body weight is made up of water.
Up to 90% of some organisms' body weight is made up of water.
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Water is a poor solvent and cannot dissolve many substances.
Water is a poor solvent and cannot dissolve many substances.
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Study Notes
Water and Atmosphere
- Water's chemical formula is H₂O
- Water is a transparent fluid
- Water is a major component of organisms' fluids
- A water molecule contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms
- Water exists in three physical states on Earth: liquid (lakes, oceans), solid (snow, ice), and gaseous (steam, water vapor)
Importance of Water for Living Things
- In some organisms, water accounts for up to 90% of their body weight
- Up to 60% of the human adult body and up to 50% of some plant tissues are water
- Water is found in many minerals
- 87% of milk is water
Properties of Water
- Pure water is transparent, colorless, tasteless, and odorless
- Pure water boils at 100°C and freezes at 0°C under standard atmospheric pressure
- Density of water is 1 cm³
- Water is a poor conductor of electricity
- Water is a universal solvent; it dissolves many substances (e.g., salt, sugar, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen)
- Most solids sink in liquid water
- Ice is less dense than liquid water—a characteristic that allows aquatic life to survive
Importance of Water for Human Bodies
- Water makes up over two-thirds of human body weight
- The human brain, blood, and lungs are largely composed of water (e.g., brain 95%, blood 82%, lungs 90%).
- Dehydration is a condition that results when the body loses more water than it takes in
Water Structure and Analysis
- Water can be separated using electricity and electrolysis
- Electrolysis involves filling an electrolysis cell with acidic water and passing an electric current through it
- This process electrically separates water into hydrogen and oxygen gases
- The volume of hydrogen gas produced is twice the volume of oxygen gas generated
Water Cycle
- Water evaporates from oceans, lakes, and rivers
- Evaporated water condenses into clouds
- Precipitation (rain, snow, hail, etc.) occurs
- Humidity is a measure of the amount of water vapor in the air, compared to the maximum amount possible. 100% humidity means the air is saturated, resulting in rain or fog.
How Wind Forms
- Weather is caused by the sun warming the Earth and atmosphere
- A sea breeze blows from the sea towards the land (during the day)
- Warm air rises over land, causing cooler, denser air to sink
- This creates a circular air current
- This cycle is reversed at night, with a land breeze blowing from land to sea
Clouds, Rain, and Storms
- Clouds form in three ways:
- Warm air drifting over oceans towards mountains
- One area of Earth heating up more than surrounding areas
- A large mass of cold air moving under a warm, moist air mass, causing the warm air to rise.
- Hailstones are frozen raindrops formed in thunderstorms
- Tornadoes are funnel-shaped clouds that form during severe thunderstorms
Water Pollution
- Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies with harmful substances
- Point-source pollution comes from a single source.
- Nonpoint-source pollution comes from many sources
- Point source examples include trash dumping, slug dumping, oil spills.
- Nonpoint source pollution is difficult to control because it enters the water in many ways
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Description
Test your knowledge on the properties and importance of water for living organisms. This quiz covers water's chemical composition, its physical states, and how it plays a crucial role in the body weight of various organisms. Challenge yourself with these fundamental concepts of water and its significance.
