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Questions and Answers
Domestic wastewater is also called ______ wastewater
Domestic wastewater is also called ______ wastewater
sanitary
Industrial wastewater is wastewater in which ______ wastes predominate
Industrial wastewater is wastewater in which ______ wastes predominate
industrial
The infiltration/Inflow water that enters the sewer system through leaking joints, cracks and breaks, or porous walls is called ______
The infiltration/Inflow water that enters the sewer system through leaking joints, cracks and breaks, or porous walls is called ______
infiltration
Storm water is runoff resulting from ______ and snowmelt
Storm water is runoff resulting from ______ and snowmelt
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Three types of sewer systems are: sanitary sewer system, storm sewer system, and ______ water system.
Three types of sewer systems are: sanitary sewer system, storm sewer system, and ______ water system.
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The contaminants of concern in wastewater treatment include suspended solids, biodegradable organics, pathogens, nutrients, priority pollutants, refractory organics, heavy metals, and dissolved ______.
The contaminants of concern in wastewater treatment include suspended solids, biodegradable organics, pathogens, nutrients, priority pollutants, refractory organics, heavy metals, and dissolved ______.
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The treatment objectives for wastewater treatment are the removal of suspended and floatable material, treatment of biodegradable organics, elimination of pathogenic organisms, removal of toxic compounds, and removal of ______.
The treatment objectives for wastewater treatment are the removal of suspended and floatable material, treatment of biodegradable organics, elimination of pathogenic organisms, removal of toxic compounds, and removal of ______.
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Wastewater treatment systems are divided into preliminary, primary, secondary, tertiary, and solids treatment and ______.
Wastewater treatment systems are divided into preliminary, primary, secondary, tertiary, and solids treatment and ______.
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Preliminary wastewater treatment involves the removal of large solids to prevent damage to the remainder of the unit operations through screening, comminution, grit removal, and ______.
Preliminary wastewater treatment involves the removal of large solids to prevent damage to the remainder of the unit operations through screening, comminution, grit removal, and ______.
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Primary wastewater treatment aims to remove a portion of suspended solids and organic matter by settling or sedimentation, typically removing about 60% of solids and 30% of ______.
Primary wastewater treatment aims to remove a portion of suspended solids and organic matter by settling or sedimentation, typically removing about 60% of solids and 30% of ______.
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Secondary wastewater treatment is directed principally at the removal of biodegradable organics and suspended solids, including biological treatment by activated sludge, fixed-film reactors, lagoons, and ______ systems.
Secondary wastewater treatment is directed principally at the removal of biodegradable organics and suspended solids, including biological treatment by activated sludge, fixed-film reactors, lagoons, and ______ systems.
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Tertiary wastewater treatment involves the polishing of secondary effluent, primarily removing nutrients, toxic compounds, increased amounts of organic material, and suspended ______.
Tertiary wastewater treatment involves the polishing of secondary effluent, primarily removing nutrients, toxic compounds, increased amounts of organic material, and suspended ______.
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Solids treatment and disposal includes the collection, stabilization, and subsequent disposal of the solids removed by other ______.
Solids treatment and disposal includes the collection, stabilization, and subsequent disposal of the solids removed by other ______.
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Wastewater treatment methods are classified into physical unit operations, chemical unit processes, and ______ unit processes.
Wastewater treatment methods are classified into physical unit operations, chemical unit processes, and ______ unit processes.
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Preliminary treatment includes screening, the first operation performed on incoming wastewater for the purpose of removing materials that might damage equipment or hinder further ______.
Preliminary treatment includes screening, the first operation performed on incoming wastewater for the purpose of removing materials that might damage equipment or hinder further ______.
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Screening devices are used to remove coarse solids from wastewater, which consist of sticks, rags, boards, and other large objects that find their way to the wastewater collection ______.
Screening devices are used to remove coarse solids from wastewater, which consist of sticks, rags, boards, and other large objects that find their way to the wastewater collection ______.
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Optimum range of dissolved oxygen for aerobic processes is 1.5 – 2.5 mg/L
Optimum range of dissolved oxygen for aerobic processes is 1.5 – 2.5 mg/L
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Dissolved oxygen levels of 5-6 can lead to undesirable ______ and filamentous bulking in the sludge, a condition known as over-aeration.
Dissolved oxygen levels of 5-6 can lead to undesirable ______ and filamentous bulking in the sludge, a condition known as over-aeration.
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Operational and wastewater characteristic factors can cause filamentous bulking in secondary clarifiers.
Operational and wastewater characteristic factors can cause filamentous bulking in secondary clarifiers.
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Operational causes of non-filamentous organisms include over-aeration and the presence of ______.
Operational causes of non-filamentous organisms include over-aeration and the presence of ______.
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Various cures and techniques can be employed to address issues such as adjusting ______ and DO levels, dosing with H2O2, and pre-treating wastewater.
Various cures and techniques can be employed to address issues such as adjusting ______ and DO levels, dosing with H2O2, and pre-treating wastewater.
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Aeration techniques include the use of air diffusers and ______, each with its unique advantages and limitations.
Aeration techniques include the use of air diffusers and ______, each with its unique advantages and limitations.
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Wastewater ponds and lagoons are used for natural purification processes, with ______ often referred to as polishing or tertiary ponds.
Wastewater ponds and lagoons are used for natural purification processes, with ______ often referred to as polishing or tertiary ponds.
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Attached growth systems, such as ______ and biotowers, are populated by a variety of organisms and are effective in treating wastewater.
Attached growth systems, such as ______ and biotowers, are populated by a variety of organisms and are effective in treating wastewater.
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Trickling filters utilize randomly ______ and are simple with low operating costs but may have odor and clogging problems.
Trickling filters utilize randomly ______ and are simple with low operating costs but may have odor and clogging problems.
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Biotowers use ______ in a vertical arrangement and are suitable for higher porosity and low weight.
Biotowers use ______ in a vertical arrangement and are suitable for higher porosity and low weight.
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The success of an ______ is often dependent on the performance of the final clarifier.
The success of an ______ is often dependent on the performance of the final clarifier.
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The presence of oxygen in ponds is primarily provided by ______, and lagoons are distinguished from ponds by artificial aeration to provide oxygen.
The presence of oxygen in ponds is primarily provided by ______, and lagoons are distinguished from ponds by artificial aeration to provide oxygen.
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Biological wastewater treatment involves the use of microorganisms to convert organics in wastewater into ______ or biomass.
Biological wastewater treatment involves the use of microorganisms to convert organics in wastewater into ______ or biomass.
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The rate of biomass production and food utilization in biological treatment is affected by factors such as temperature, pH, toxins, salt concentration, oxidants, and ______.
The rate of biomass production and food utilization in biological treatment is affected by factors such as temperature, pH, toxins, salt concentration, oxidants, and ______.
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Microorganisms involved in biological treatment require a gradual adjustment to a wide range of environmental factors and may be irreparably damaged by sudden ______.
Microorganisms involved in biological treatment require a gradual adjustment to a wide range of environmental factors and may be irreparably damaged by sudden ______.
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The design of biological systems for wastewater treatment requires knowledge of biological principles, kinetics of metabolism, mass balance principles, and ______ operations.
The design of biological systems for wastewater treatment requires knowledge of biological principles, kinetics of metabolism, mass balance principles, and ______ operations.
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The two types of biological growth/culture used in wastewater treatment are suspended cultures/growth and ______ growth.
The two types of biological growth/culture used in wastewater treatment are suspended cultures/growth and ______ growth.
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Design parameters/operational parameters in the activated sludge process include F/M ratio, MLSS, MCRT/SRT, and ______, which affect treatment efficiency and waste activated sludge production.
Design parameters/operational parameters in the activated sludge process include F/M ratio, MLSS, MCRT/SRT, and ______, which affect treatment efficiency and waste activated sludge production.
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The F/M ratio in biological treatment measures organic loading and affects aeration period and treatment efficiency, with low ratios resulting in high treatment efficiency and little waste activated ______.
The F/M ratio in biological treatment measures organic loading and affects aeration period and treatment efficiency, with low ratios resulting in high treatment efficiency and little waste activated ______.
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MLSS represents the suspended solids in the reactor and is useful in the determination of F/M, sometimes expressed in terms of suspended ______.
MLSS represents the suspended solids in the reactor and is useful in the determination of F/M, sometimes expressed in terms of suspended ______.
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The MCRT/SRT represents the average time in which microorganisms or solids stay in the reactor, and HRT represents the average time in which the liquid remains in the ______.
The MCRT/SRT represents the average time in which microorganisms or solids stay in the reactor, and HRT represents the average time in which the liquid remains in the ______.
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Wastewater treatment systems such as activated sludge, ponds, and lagoons utilize suspended cultures/growth, with variations such as step aeration, tapered aeration, contact stabilization, pure oxygen activated sludge, oxidation ditch, high rate, and extended ______.
Wastewater treatment systems such as activated sludge, ponds, and lagoons utilize suspended cultures/growth, with variations such as step aeration, tapered aeration, contact stabilization, pure oxygen activated sludge, oxidation ditch, high rate, and extended ______.
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The microorganisms involved in biological treatment are the same as those in natural freshwater systems but are carefully controlled in engineered reactors to optimize organic ______.
The microorganisms involved in biological treatment are the same as those in natural freshwater systems but are carefully controlled in engineered reactors to optimize organic ______.
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Biological treatment of wastewater requires a wide variety of organisms or a mixed culture due to the wide variety of ______ present in wastewater.
Biological treatment of wastewater requires a wide variety of organisms or a mixed culture due to the wide variety of ______ present in wastewater.
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Fine ______ consist of woven wire or cloth perforated plates and should be mechanically cleaned on a continuous basis.
Fine ______ consist of woven wire or cloth perforated plates and should be mechanically cleaned on a continuous basis.
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Mechanically-cleaned bar ______ have bar racks 3 to 4 inches apart, while manually-cleaned bar ______ require good flow distribution and velocity control.
Mechanically-cleaned bar ______ have bar racks 3 to 4 inches apart, while manually-cleaned bar ______ require good flow distribution and velocity control.
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Disposal methods for ______ include hauling to disposal areas, burial on the plant site, incineration, disposal with municipal solid wastes, and grinding and returning to the wastewater flow.
Disposal methods for ______ include hauling to disposal areas, burial on the plant site, incineration, disposal with municipal solid wastes, and grinding and returning to the wastewater flow.
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Comminution involves shredding ______ to approximately 8 mm in size using devices like a hammermill or a barminutor.
Comminution involves shredding ______ to approximately 8 mm in size using devices like a hammermill or a barminutor.
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Grit ______ is essential to separate non-biodegradable solids from organic suspended solids, and it includes channel-type horizontal-flow grit chambers, aerated grit chambers, and vortex-type grit chambers.
Grit ______ is essential to separate non-biodegradable solids from organic suspended solids, and it includes channel-type horizontal-flow grit chambers, aerated grit chambers, and vortex-type grit chambers.
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Grit ______ protect mechanical equipment, reduce heavy deposits, and minimize the frequency of digester cleaning.
Grit ______ protect mechanical equipment, reduce heavy deposits, and minimize the frequency of digester cleaning.
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Parshall ______ and Palmer-Bowlus ______ are commonly used for flow measurement in wastewater treatment.
Parshall ______ and Palmer-Bowlus ______ are commonly used for flow measurement in wastewater treatment.
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Primary ______ involves sedimentation, which separates suspended particles from water through gravitational settling in sedimentation basins or tanks.
Primary ______ involves sedimentation, which separates suspended particles from water through gravitational settling in sedimentation basins or tanks.
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Factors affecting sedimentation tank ______ include the type of solids, age of wastewater, rate of solids flow, cleanliness, and mechanical condition of the tank.
Factors affecting sedimentation tank ______ include the type of solids, age of wastewater, rate of solids flow, cleanliness, and mechanical condition of the tank.
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______ achieves removal efficiency for settleable solids (90-95%), suspended solids (50-65%), BOD (20-35%), and colloidal solids (not removed unless coagulants are added).
______ achieves removal efficiency for settleable solids (90-95%), suspended solids (50-65%), BOD (20-35%), and colloidal solids (not removed unless coagulants are added).
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Flow distribution in sedimentation ______ is managed by inlet structures to evenly distribute the flow and prevent short circuiting.
Flow distribution in sedimentation ______ is managed by inlet structures to evenly distribute the flow and prevent short circuiting.
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Secondary ______ involves the biological conversion of dissolved and colloidal organics into biomass, which can be subsequently removed by sedimentation.
Secondary ______ involves the biological conversion of dissolved and colloidal organics into biomass, which can be subsequently removed by sedimentation.
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Study Notes
Wastewater Treatment Processes and Equipment
- Fine screens consist of woven wire or cloth perforated plates and should be mechanically cleaned on a continuous basis.
- Mechanically-cleaned bar screens have bar racks 3 to 4 inches apart, while manually-cleaned bar screens require good flow distribution and velocity control.
- Disposal methods for screenings include hauling to disposal areas, burial on the plant site, incineration, disposal with municipal solid wastes, and grinding and returning to the wastewater flow.
- Comminution involves shredding screenings to approximately 8 mm in size using devices like a hammermill or a barminutor.
- Grit removal is essential to separate non-biodegradable solids from organic suspended solids, and it includes channel-type horizontal-flow grit chambers, aerated grit chambers, and vortex-type grit chambers.
- Grit chambers protect mechanical equipment, reduce heavy deposits, and minimize the frequency of digester cleaning.
- Parshall flumes and Palmer-Bowlus flumes are commonly used for flow measurement in wastewater treatment.
- Primary treatment involves sedimentation, which separates suspended particles from water through gravitational settling in sedimentation basins or tanks.
- Factors affecting sedimentation tank efficiency include the type of solids, age of wastewater, rate of solids flow, cleanliness, and mechanical condition of the tank.
- Sedimentation achieves removal efficiency for settleable solids (90-95%), suspended solids (50-65%), BOD (20-35%), and colloidal solids (not removed unless coagulants are added).
- Flow distribution in sedimentation tanks is managed by inlet structures to evenly distribute the flow and prevent short circuiting.
- Secondary treatment involves the biological conversion of dissolved and colloidal organics into biomass, which can be subsequently removed by sedimentation.
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Description
Test your knowledge of wastewater treatment processes and equipment with this insightful quiz. Explore topics such as fine screens, bar screens, disposal methods for screenings, grit removal, flow measurement, sedimentation, and factors affecting sedimentation tank efficiency.
