Waste-to-Energy Introduction

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary objective of the circular economy?

  • To promote the disposal of hazardous materials
  • To maximize waste generation
  • To reduce waste to a minimum (correct)
  • To encourage the use of non-renewable resources

What is the current economic model described as?

  • Linear economy (correct)
  • Recycling economy
  • Throwaway economy
  • Circular economy

What happens to the materials of a product at the end of its life in a circular economy?

  • They are broken down into raw materials
  • They are discarded and sent to landfills
  • They are kept within the economy wherever possible (correct)
  • They are exported to other countries

What is the focus of waste-to-energy technologies?

<p>Converting waste into energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a recycling economy and a circular economy?

<p>The recycling economy focuses on recycling, while the circular economy focuses on reuse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of the publication 'Waste-to-Energy An Introduction'?

<p>To present best practices in waste-to-energy technologies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Waste-to-Energy technologies?

<p>To reduce the volume of waste and produce a useful commodity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of the Paris Agreement?

<p>To limit the global temperature increase to below 2 degrees Celsius (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of Waste-to-Energy processes on the biodegradable fraction of waste?

<p>It reduces the biodegradable fraction of waste to zero (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of mechanically circulating the feedstock in the reactor during wet fermentation?

<p>To enable microorganisms to come into contact with the organic matter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Waste-to-Energy technologies according to the International Energy Agency?

<p>To transform waste into a useful commodity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical moisture level range of organic matter used in dry fermentation?

<p>50%–80% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of converting non-recyclable waste into usable forms of energy?

<p>Waste-to-Energy (WTE) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the reactor is biogas usually collected during wet fermentation?

<p>The upper section of the reactor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the percolate in dry fermentation?

<p>To enable fermentation as it flows down through the pile (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a broader definition of Waste-to-Energy (WTE)?

<p>Transforming something someone does not want into something someone else needs or wants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the percolate after it has flowed through the pile of organic matter in dry fermentation?

<p>It is drained and recycled (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of the biogas production process in dry fermentation?

<p>Several weeks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of waste is generated from crops?

<p>Agricultural Waste (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an energy crop?

<p>Sugarcane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a biomass resource that can generate biogas?

<p>Sewage Sludge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of waste is generated from food industry residues and byproducts?

<p>Industrial Waste (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a woody crop?

<p>Jatropha (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of waste is generated from airline industry meals?

<p>Food Waste (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a by-product of electricity generation that can be utilized as thermal energy?

<p>Heat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common method of producing heat from biomass?

<p>Direct combustion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a biomass-based power?

<p>Biomass-fueled CHP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary product of anaerobic digestion?

<p>Biogas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a substitute for gasoline?

<p>Ethanol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is produced through gasification and pyrolysis?

<p>Syngas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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