War and Alliances in Ancient Greece

An ancient Greek warship propelled by rowers and sails, capable of high speed.

A purely defensive alliance among Greek city-states.

A universal alliance where members engage in offensive actions together.

A major naval alliance led by Athens during the classical period.

A decisive battle in 338 B.C. where Macedon defeated the Greek alliance.

A federation that represents a deeper political union among member states.

A military force jointly supported by members of a koinon.

Two notable federations during the Hellenistic Period: the Achaean and Aetolian koina.

A treaty aimed at maintaining the autonomy of all city-states.

An ancient Greek league responsible for protecting Delphi and its sanctuary.

A practice in which a citizen represents the interests of a polis in another polis.

The independence of individual city-states within alliances and treaties.

Officials shared by members of a koinon for judicial and legislative functions.

The management of income and expenses within a household, primarily in ancient Greece.

In ancient Greece, women typically managed domestic tasks like childcare and textile production, despite societal expectations.

Enslaved individuals viewed as property, crucial to household labor in ancient Greek society.

Men's labor was primarily external, while women’s work centered around household activities.

Women's labor in creating textiles, involving stages like carding wool, spinning, and weaving.

Central parts of an ancient Greek house, with a courtyard surrounded by a portico.

Most women also worked in fields alongside men, especially during busy agricultural times.

Only the wealthiest Greek households could afford leisure for men, as they had sufficient enslaved labor.

Ownership of land was a requirement for citizenship in most Greek city-states.

A farm needed at least 5 hectares to be self-sufficient in Ancient Greece.

Cereals, grapes, and olives were the main crops in Greek agriculture.

Greeks mainly consumed grains, legumes, and occasionally meat during sacrifices.

Wealthy households could run non-agricultural businesses like ceramics and metallurgy.

Excess agricultural production led to growth in urban trade and specialized merchants.

Harbours, inns, and banks supported the movement of goods over long distances.