Questions and Answers
What were some of Pericles's achievements? Choose four correct answers.
How did being in the Delian League strengthen Athens? Choose three correct answers.
What caused Sparta to want to go to war with Athens?
Sparta was worried that Athens was becoming too strong.
What caused other city-states to join Sparta in the war against Athens?
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Which statement describes Sparta's strategy for the Peloponnesian War?
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What made Athens difficult to attack directly?
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Why was it important for Athens to have a good navy?
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What effect did the Peloponnesian War have on democracy?
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What effect did the Peloponnesian War have on the city-states?
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How did Pericles expand the Athenian navy?
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How did Pericles use the Delian League to Athens's advantage?
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How did the Peloponnesian War impact Athens?
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What advantage did Athens have during the Peloponnesian War?
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Under Pericles, how did Athens take a leading role in the Delian League?
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How did the Peloponnesian War begin?
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How did Pericles improve the Athenian Empire?
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What was one of Pericles's goals?
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How did Pericles strengthen democracy?
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Why did Pericles rebuild Athens?
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What were the responsibilities of members of the Peloponnesian League?
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What contributed to Athens losing the Peloponnesian War?
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What advantage did Sparta have over Athens in the Peloponnesian War?
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How did the Athenian government change after the Peloponnesian War?
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What was one effect of the Peloponnesian War?
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Which military tactic contributed to Sparta winning the Peloponnesian War?
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Why was a strong navy important to the Delian League in the Peloponnesian War?
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What advantage did Sparta have in the Peloponnesian War?
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How did geography impact Sparta's military tactics during the Peloponnesian War?
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How did Sparta benefit from its location during the Peloponnesian War?
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Which city was invaded first during the Peloponnesian War?
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What were the peace terms established in the truce between Sparta and Athens in 421 BCE?
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What was one of Pericles's achievements?
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Why did the members of the Delian League become angry with Pericles?
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What tensions existed between the Delian and the Peloponnesian Leagues?
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Why were the walls of Athens a disadvantage during the Peloponnesian War?
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Study Notes
Pericles's Achievements
- Promoted democracy in Athens, allowing wider citizen participation in governance.
- Commissioned the construction of the Parthenon, a symbol of Athenian power and culture.
- Rebuilt Athens after devastation from the Persian War, restoring its glory.
- Established Athens as a prominent center for arts and education.
Strength of the Delian League
- Provided Athens with financial resources from the league's treasury.
- Enabled the development of a powerful navy, enhancing Athenian military capabilities.
- Gave Athens authority over smaller city-states, increasing its influence.
Causes of War with Sparta
- Sparta felt threatened by Athens's growing power and influence.
- Athens's demands for tribute raised tensions, contributing to Spartan concerns.
Other City-States Joining Sparta
- Athenian use of the Delian League's funds for its reconstruction upset other city-states, leading them to ally with Sparta.
Sparta's War Strategy
- Aimed to draw Athens into land battles by destroying its agricultural resources.
- Focused on weakening Athens by targeting its food supply.
Defenses of Athens
- Secured by imposing walls and elevated terrain, making direct attacks challenging.
Importance of Athenian Navy
- Navy was crucial due to the geographic reliance on maritime transport and trade, allowing quick movement and defense.
Impact of the Peloponnesian War on Democracy
- Resulted in the dissolution of democracy in Athens as Sparta replaced it with an oligarchy.
Consequences for City-States Post-War
- The war weakened city-states significantly due to loss of life and devastation of land.
Funding the Athenian Navy
- Pericles utilized tributes collected from the Delian League to finance naval expansions.
Leadership of the Delian League
- Pericles solidified Athens's position as the leading power in the Delian League by relocating its treasury to Athens.
Outbreak of Peloponnesian War
- Initiated by Sparta's declaration of war to counter Athenian dominance.
Pericles's Goals
- Aimed to strengthen democracy, focusing on citizen engagement in governmental processes.
Strengthening Democracy Methods
- Expanded voting rights to all male citizens, promoting greater inclusivity.
Reasons for Rebuilding Athens
- Revitalization of the city was necessary following its destruction during the Persian War.
Duties of the Peloponnesian League Members
- Required to contribute soldiers to support Sparta’s military efforts.
Factors Leading to Athenian Defeat
- The plague, exacerbated by overcrowding in Athens, severely weakened the city.
Spartan Advantages in Warfare
- Superior land warriors gave Sparta a strategic upper hand in conflicts.
Athenian Government Changes Post-War
- Transitioned to an oligarchy, limiting political power to a select few.
Macedonia's Role After the War
- Capitalized on the weakened state of Greece by invading and asserting dominance.
Spartan Military Tactics
- Focused on resource destruction to cripple Athenian agriculture and logistics.
Geography's Influence on Tactics
- Athens's coastal geographic advantages imposed challenges on Spartan strategies, pushing them to target food supplies instead.
Athenian Walls and Their Disadvantages
- Contributed to overcrowding and subsequent disease outbreaks within the city.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Pericles's achievements during the Peloponnesian Wars with these flashcards. This quiz focuses on key contributions and historical significance of Pericles in shaping ancient Athens and democracy. Challenge yourself and learn more about this critical period in Greek history.