Ancient Greece: Peloponnesian Wars Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What were some of Pericles's achievements? Choose four correct answers.

He helped form the Peloponnesian League.

He helped the spread of democracy. (correct)

He rebuilt Athens after it had been ruined by the war. (correct)

He ordered the building of the Parthenon. (correct)

He defeated Sparta in a major war.

He made Athens a center for learning and the arts. (correct)

How did being in the Delian League strengthen Athens? Choose three correct answers.

It protected Athens from other city-states.

It gave Athens power over smaller city-states. (correct)

It helped Athens build a strong navy. (correct)

It gave Athens access to the Delian League's treasury. (correct)

It helped Athens become allies with Sparta.

What caused Sparta to want to go to war with Athens?

Sparta was worried that Athens was becoming too strong.

What caused other city-states to join Sparta in the war against Athens?

Athens used money from the Delian League treasury to rebuild Athens. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement describes Sparta's strategy for the Peloponnesian War?

Sparta ruined Athens's farmland to try to get Athens to fight on land. Signup and view all the answers

What made Athens difficult to attack directly?

Athens was secured by walls and the city center was on top of a hill. Signup and view all the answers

Why was it important for Athens to have a good navy?

Transportation in the area was mostly by sea. Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the Peloponnesian War have on democracy?

It ended democracy in Athens when Sparta replaced it with an oligarchy. Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the Peloponnesian War have on the city-states?

It weakened the city-states through the loss of life and the ruining of land. Signup and view all the answers

How did Pericles expand the Athenian navy?

He used tributes from the Delian League. Signup and view all the answers

How did Pericles use the Delian League to Athens's advantage?

He made Athens the most powerful member. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Peloponnesian War impact Athens?

Athenian farmland was ruined. Signup and view all the answers

What advantage did Athens have during the Peloponnesian War?

Athens was protected by its location high up on a hill. Signup and view all the answers

Under Pericles, how did Athens take a leading role in the Delian League?

Pericles moved the Delian League treasury to Athens. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Peloponnesian War begin?

Sparta declared war on Athens to prevent the Athenians from becoming too powerful. Signup and view all the answers

How did Pericles improve the Athenian Empire?

He encouraged learning and creativity. Signup and view all the answers

What was one of Pericles's goals?

To strengthen democracy. Signup and view all the answers

How did Pericles strengthen democracy?

He allowed all citizens to vote on laws. Signup and view all the answers

Why did Pericles rebuild Athens?

Athens was in ruins after the Persian War. Signup and view all the answers

What were the responsibilities of members of the Peloponnesian League?

Members had to provide soldiers to Sparta. Signup and view all the answers

What contributed to Athens losing the Peloponnesian War?

Athens was overcrowded, and a plague spread through the city. Signup and view all the answers

What advantage did Sparta have over Athens in the Peloponnesian War?

Sparta had better warriors. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Athenian government change after the Peloponnesian War?

Athens became an oligarchy with only a few people controlling the government. Signup and view all the answers

What was one effect of the Peloponnesian War?

Macedonia invaded Greece. Signup and view all the answers

Which military tactic contributed to Sparta winning the Peloponnesian War?

Sparta destroyed the Athenians' crops. Signup and view all the answers

Why was a strong navy important to the Delian League in the Peloponnesian War?

Many islands made up the territories of the Delian League. Signup and view all the answers

What advantage did Sparta have in the Peloponnesian War?

Sparta could only be attacked by land. Signup and view all the answers

How did geography impact Sparta's military tactics during the Peloponnesian War?

Athens's location made it difficult to attack, forcing the Spartans to destroy farmland and crops. Signup and view all the answers

How did Sparta benefit from its location during the Peloponnesian War?

Sparta was located inland, protecting it from the Athenian navy. Signup and view all the answers

Which city was invaded first during the Peloponnesian War?

Attica. Signup and view all the answers

What were the peace terms established in the truce between Sparta and Athens in 421 BCE?

Athens and Sparta agreed to go back to how they were before the war. Signup and view all the answers

What was one of Pericles's achievements?

The building of the Parthenon. Signup and view all the answers

Why did the members of the Delian League become angry with Pericles?

Pericles used money from the Delian League to rebuild Athens. Signup and view all the answers

What tensions existed between the Delian and the Peloponnesian Leagues?

The Peloponnesian League wanted to limit the power of the Delian League. Signup and view all the answers

Why were the walls of Athens a disadvantage during the Peloponnesian War?

They led to overcrowding, which resulted in disease. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pericles's Achievements

Promoted democracy in Athens, allowing wider citizen participation in governance.
Commissioned the construction of the Parthenon, a symbol of Athenian power and culture.
Rebuilt Athens after devastation from the Persian War, restoring its glory.
Established Athens as a prominent center for arts and education.

Strength of the Delian League

Provided Athens with financial resources from the league's treasury.
Enabled the development of a powerful navy, enhancing Athenian military capabilities.
Gave Athens authority over smaller city-states, increasing its influence.

Causes of War with Sparta

Sparta felt threatened by Athens's growing power and influence.
Athens's demands for tribute raised tensions, contributing to Spartan concerns.

Other City-States Joining Sparta

Athenian use of the Delian League's funds for its reconstruction upset other city-states, leading them to ally with Sparta.

Sparta's War Strategy

Aimed to draw Athens into land battles by destroying its agricultural resources.
Focused on weakening Athens by targeting its food supply.

Defenses of Athens

Secured by imposing walls and elevated terrain, making direct attacks challenging.

Importance of Athenian Navy

Navy was crucial due to the geographic reliance on maritime transport and trade, allowing quick movement and defense.

Impact of the Peloponnesian War on Democracy

Resulted in the dissolution of democracy in Athens as Sparta replaced it with an oligarchy.

Consequences for City-States Post-War

The war weakened city-states significantly due to loss of life and devastation of land.

Funding the Athenian Navy

Pericles utilized tributes collected from the Delian League to finance naval expansions.

Leadership of the Delian League

Pericles solidified Athens's position as the leading power in the Delian League by relocating its treasury to Athens.

Outbreak of Peloponnesian War

Initiated by Sparta's declaration of war to counter Athenian dominance.

Pericles's Goals

Aimed to strengthen democracy, focusing on citizen engagement in governmental processes.

Strengthening Democracy Methods

Expanded voting rights to all male citizens, promoting greater inclusivity.

Reasons for Rebuilding Athens

Revitalization of the city was necessary following its destruction during the Persian War.

Duties of the Peloponnesian League Members

Required to contribute soldiers to support Sparta’s military efforts.

Factors Leading to Athenian Defeat

The plague, exacerbated by overcrowding in Athens, severely weakened the city.

Spartan Advantages in Warfare

Superior land warriors gave Sparta a strategic upper hand in conflicts.

Athenian Government Changes Post-War

Transitioned to an oligarchy, limiting political power to a select few.

Macedonia's Role After the War

Capitalized on the weakened state of Greece by invading and asserting dominance.

Spartan Military Tactics

Focused on resource destruction to cripple Athenian agriculture and logistics.

Geography's Influence on Tactics

Athens's coastal geographic advantages imposed challenges on Spartan strategies, pushing them to target food supplies instead.

Athenian Walls and Their Disadvantages

Contributed to overcrowding and subsequent disease outbreaks within the city.

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Description

Test your knowledge of Pericles's achievements during the Peloponnesian Wars with these flashcards. This quiz focuses on key contributions and historical significance of Pericles in shaping ancient Athens and democracy. Challenge yourself and learn more about this critical period in Greek history.