Questions and Answers
What conditions create the greatest vortex strength from an aircraft?
Heavy, clean, and slow.
How does the wake turbulence vortex circulate around each wingtip?
Outward, upward, and around each tip.
When departing behind a heavy aircraft, how should a pilot maneuver to avoid wake turbulence?
Above and upwind from the heavy aircraft.
What wind condition requires maximum caution when avoiding wake turbulence on landing?
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When landing behind a large aircraft, how should a pilot position themselves?
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Why should one be particularly alert to the hazards of wingtip vortices when taking off or landing near heavy aircraft?
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Study Notes
Wake Turbulence Overview
- Greatest vortex strength occurs when the generating aircraft is heavy, clean, and slow.
- Vortices from aircraft wings circulate outward, upward, and around each wingtip.
Avoiding Wake Turbulence When Departing
- Pilots departing behind heavy aircraft should maneuver above and upwind to avoid wake turbulence.
- Vortices tend to sink and drift downwind, making altitude and positioning critical for safety.
Landing Considerations
- Maximum caution is needed in calm wind or light tailwind conditions, as vortices linger longer in the touchdown area.
- Pilots landing behind large aircraft should remain above the final approach path and aim to land beyond the larger aircraft's touchdown point.
Risks at Airports with Heavy Aircraft
- When taking off or landing where heavy aircraft operate, be vigilant as wingtip vortices tend to sink into the flight path of smaller aircraft.
- Avoid the area below and behind a heavy aircraft, particularly at low altitudes, to prevent dangerous encounters with wake turbulence.
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Description
This quiz provides an overview of wake turbulence, focusing on its characteristics and the precautions pilots must take when flying in proximity to heavy aircraft. Understand the risks involved during departures and landings to enhance flight safety.
