Developmental Theories

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According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, how is consciousness linked?

Consciousness is linked to individual experiences

Consciousness is linked to physical environment

Consciousness is linked to genetics

Consciousness is linked to language (correct)

What is the main principle behind language acquisition in Vygotsky's theory?

Language is innate and not learned

Language has no relation to cognitive abilities

Language is external and internalized as we grow (correct)

Language has a negative impact on cognitive development

In Vygotsky's theory, what does 'scaffolding' refer to?

A process of simplifying tasks without assistance

A way to make tasks more complex for learners

A method to isolate children from culture

Assistance provided to help learners complete tasks (correct)

How does Vygotsky view the role of culture in a child's development?

Culture is involved in the organization of thinking and setting boundaries Signup and view all the answers

According to Vygotsky, why do children not learn on their own?

They need assistance from caregivers, schools, or siblings Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates the zone of actual development from the zone of potential development according to Vygotsky?

The zone of potential development is what a child can do independently, while the actual zone is with assistance Signup and view all the answers

How does language influence cognitive abilities according to Vygotsky's theory?

Language helps organize thinking and behaviors Signup and view all the answers

'Zone of proximity' in Vygotsky's theory refers to:

The difference between actual and potential development levels Signup and view all the answers

According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, a child goes through development on their own without any external influence.

False Signup and view all the answers

In Vygotsky's theory, language acquisition is an internal process that does not involve external factors.

False Signup and view all the answers

Vygotsky's principle of scaffolding involves simplifying the task for the learner to complete it without any assistance.

False Signup and view all the answers

According to Vygotsky, learning assistance for children can come from sources like caregivers, schools, and siblings.

True Signup and view all the answers

In Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, social learning involves internalizing culture as part of individual development.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is a key criticism of ecocultural theories mentioned in the text?

They are heavily influenced by Eurocentric/Americocentric views Signup and view all the answers

How are cultural changes typically associated with contact in the context of culture and environment adaptation?

Lead to the assimilation of new cultural elements Signup and view all the answers

In what way do ecocultural theories demonstrate a bias according to the text?

They stem from specific cultural viewpoints like Eurocentrism/Americocentrism Signup and view all the answers

How do people constantly adapt to boundaries in the context of culture and environment?

By adjusting behaviors and practices Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary relationship between natural resources and culture as discussed in the text?

The interaction with natural resources influences cultural development Signup and view all the answers

What does the Ecocultural Theory Framework propose about human differences?

Human differences are individual adaptations to context Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a Population adaptation according to the Ecocultural Theory Framework?

Having food intolerances Signup and view all the answers

What is a Transmission variable according to the Ecocultural Theory Framework?

The process of learning about culture Signup and view all the answers

How does Aculturation impact behaviors according to the Ecocultural Theory Framework?

Influencing behaviors and inferred characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What is a major critique of the Original Ecocultural Theory Framework mentioned in the text?

It is not designed to study human development processes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Ecocultural Theory Framework according to the text?

Collective and individual adaptations to context Signup and view all the answers

How do Biological adaptations differ from Cultural adaptations in the context of the Ecocultural Theory Framework?

Biological adaptations focus on genetic traits, while Cultural adaptations focus on learned behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What role do Transmission variables play in the Ecocultural Theory Framework?

Affecting the transfer of cultural and ecological knowledge Signup and view all the answers

How does Aculturation impact individual characteristics according to the Ecocultural Theory Framework?

It shapes expectations and behaviors Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the Ecocultural Theory Framework, what is one way in which Population adaptations are influenced?

Through governmental policies Signup and view all the answers

Biological adaptations play a more significant role than Cultural adaptations in the Ecocultural Theory Framework.

False Signup and view all the answers

Aculturation is a type of Genetic transmission variable according to the Original Ecocultural Theory Framework.

False Signup and view all the answers

In the Ecocultural Theory Framework, Population adaptations do not include adjustments in behaviors.

False Signup and view all the answers

The Ecological context mentioned in the Original Ecocultural Theory Framework refers to one's social surroundings only.

False Signup and view all the answers

Transmission variables in the Ecocultural Theory Framework focus solely on Genetic transmissions.

False Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory, which system is responsible for the most direct interactions where individuals have an active role?

Microsystem Signup and view all the answers

How do interactions in the mesosystem differ from those in the exosystem in Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory?

Mesosystem relates to interactions between micro- and other contexts, while exosystem involves links between social settings where individuals have a passive role. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a part of the ecological systems outlined by Bronfenbrenner's theory?

Teachers Signup and view all the answers

How does the chronosystem impact human development according to Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory?

It structures environmental events and socio-historical contexts. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of human development does culture primarily influence according to Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory?

Ethnicity Signup and view all the answers

According to Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory, the microsystem includes interactions with peers, biology, and weather conditions.

False Signup and view all the answers

The mesosystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory focuses on interactions between the macro- and exosystem.

False Signup and view all the answers

Exosystem in Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory refers to social settings where individuals have an active role.

False Signup and view all the answers

Culture, ethnicity, and ideologies fall under the mesosystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory.

False Signup and view all the answers

Chronosystem in Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory primarily focuses on current environmental events rather than socio-historical contexts.

False Signup and view all the answers

How does the Developmental Niche Framework suggest that culture influences child development?

By emphasizing the importance of physical and social settings Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the Developmental Niche Framework, which of the following is true about child rearing customs and practices?

They play a role in shaping child development Signup and view all the answers

What role do interacting subsystems like physical and social settings play in the Developmental Niche Framework?

They are crucial for child development Signup and view all the answers

According to the Developmental Niche Framework, how do caregivers contribute to a child's development?

By passing down cultural adaptations through social learning Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of biological disposition in child development within the Developmental Niche Framework?

It affects the developmental process alongside culture Signup and view all the answers

How do interacting subsystems like physical and social settings influence child development in the Developmental Niche Framework?

By shaping the child's sleeping arrangements and disciplinary methods Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of culture in child development according to Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory?

To shape customs and practices of child rearing Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the Developmental Niche Framework, how do customs and practices of child rearing contribute to child development?

By providing structure and guidance to the child Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the influence of customs and practices of child rearing on development in the Developmental Niche Framework?

They shape the child's adaptation to cultural norms and values Signup and view all the answers

How do customs and practices of child rearing differ from the psychology of caregivers in influencing child development according to the Developmental Niche Framework?

They guide the child's behavior within a cultural context Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of social ontogenesis according to Nsamenang?

The social ecology in which development occurs Signup and view all the answers

In the context of social priming, what characterizes Western cultures' approach to parenting according to Nsamenang's research?

Heavy emphasis on gentle parenting Signup and view all the answers

What role does the Ceremony of the naming play in child development according to Nsamenang?

Instilling family values in the child Signup and view all the answers

How does Nsamenang suggest children adapt to family eco-culture in the phase of social apprenticing?

By internalizing cultural norms and values Signup and view all the answers

In Nsamenang's view, what is the purpose of using the child's full name when they do something wrong?

To remind the child of their family ties and identity Signup and view all the answers

According to Nsamenang, what is the significance of feeling irritated when someone misspells or mispronounces a name?

It highlights the value attached to the name itself Signup and view all the answers

In Nsamenang's research, what role do rewards and consequences play in social apprenticing?

They help children internalize family values and norms Signup and view all the answers

According to Nsamenang, the actual name of someone does not hold any value in shaping a child's development.

False Signup and view all the answers

Social priming in family eco-culture emphasizes harsh consequences for rule-breaking in all cultures.

False Signup and view all the answers

In social apprenticing, children do not receive rewards for following family values.

False Signup and view all the answers

According to Nsamenang, Western cultures place high emphasis on consequences in parenting practices.

False Signup and view all the answers

The Developmental Niche Framework suggests that social ontogenesis occurs independently of social interactions.

False Signup and view all the answers

Developmental Theories

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Questions and Answers

According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, how is consciousness linked?

What is the main principle behind language acquisition in Vygotsky's theory?

In Vygotsky's theory, what does 'scaffolding' refer to?

How does Vygotsky view the role of culture in a child's development?

According to Vygotsky, why do children not learn on their own?

What differentiates the zone of actual development from the zone of potential development according to Vygotsky?

How does language influence cognitive abilities according to Vygotsky's theory?

'Zone of proximity' in Vygotsky's theory refers to:

According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, a child goes through development on their own without any external influence.

In Vygotsky's theory, language acquisition is an internal process that does not involve external factors.

Vygotsky's principle of scaffolding involves simplifying the task for the learner to complete it without any assistance.

According to Vygotsky, learning assistance for children can come from sources like caregivers, schools, and siblings.

In Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, social learning involves internalizing culture as part of individual development.

What is a key criticism of ecocultural theories mentioned in the text?

How are cultural changes typically associated with contact in the context of culture and environment adaptation?

In what way do ecocultural theories demonstrate a bias according to the text?

How do people constantly adapt to boundaries in the context of culture and environment?

What is the primary relationship between natural resources and culture as discussed in the text?

What does the Ecocultural Theory Framework propose about human differences?

Which of the following is considered a Population adaptation according to the Ecocultural Theory Framework?

What is a Transmission variable according to the Ecocultural Theory Framework?

How does Aculturation impact behaviors according to the Ecocultural Theory Framework?

What is a major critique of the Original Ecocultural Theory Framework mentioned in the text?

What is the primary focus of the Ecocultural Theory Framework according to the text?

How do Biological adaptations differ from Cultural adaptations in the context of the Ecocultural Theory Framework?

What role do Transmission variables play in the Ecocultural Theory Framework?

How does Aculturation impact individual characteristics according to the Ecocultural Theory Framework?

In the context of the Ecocultural Theory Framework, what is one way in which Population adaptations are influenced?

Biological adaptations play a more significant role than Cultural adaptations in the Ecocultural Theory Framework.

Aculturation is a type of Genetic transmission variable according to the Original Ecocultural Theory Framework.

In the Ecocultural Theory Framework, Population adaptations do not include adjustments in behaviors.

The Ecological context mentioned in the Original Ecocultural Theory Framework refers to one's social surroundings only.

Transmission variables in the Ecocultural Theory Framework focus solely on Genetic transmissions.

In the context of Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory, which system is responsible for the most direct interactions where individuals have an active role?

How do interactions in the mesosystem differ from those in the exosystem in Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory?

Which of the following is NOT considered a part of the ecological systems outlined by Bronfenbrenner's theory?

How does the chronosystem impact human development according to Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory?

Which aspect of human development does culture primarily influence according to Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory?

According to Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory, the microsystem includes interactions with peers, biology, and weather conditions.

The mesosystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory focuses on interactions between the macro- and exosystem.

Exosystem in Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory refers to social settings where individuals have an active role.

Culture, ethnicity, and ideologies fall under the mesosystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory.

Chronosystem in Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory primarily focuses on current environmental events rather than socio-historical contexts.

How does the Developmental Niche Framework suggest that culture influences child development?

In the context of the Developmental Niche Framework, which of the following is true about child rearing customs and practices?

What role do interacting subsystems like physical and social settings play in the Developmental Niche Framework?

According to the Developmental Niche Framework, how do caregivers contribute to a child's development?

What is the significance of biological disposition in child development within the Developmental Niche Framework?

How do interacting subsystems like physical and social settings influence child development in the Developmental Niche Framework?

What is the primary role of culture in child development according to Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory?

In the context of the Developmental Niche Framework, how do customs and practices of child rearing contribute to child development?

Which statement best describes the influence of customs and practices of child rearing on development in the Developmental Niche Framework?

How do customs and practices of child rearing differ from the psychology of caregivers in influencing child development according to the Developmental Niche Framework?

What is the primary focus of social ontogenesis according to Nsamenang?

In the context of social priming, what characterizes Western cultures' approach to parenting according to Nsamenang's research?

What role does the Ceremony of the naming play in child development according to Nsamenang?

How does Nsamenang suggest children adapt to family eco-culture in the phase of social apprenticing?

In Nsamenang's view, what is the purpose of using the child's full name when they do something wrong?

According to Nsamenang, what is the significance of feeling irritated when someone misspells or mispronounces a name?

In Nsamenang's research, what role do rewards and consequences play in social apprenticing?

According to Nsamenang, the actual name of someone does not hold any value in shaping a child's development.

Social priming in family eco-culture emphasizes harsh consequences for rule-breaking in all cultures.

In social apprenticing, children do not receive rewards for following family values.

According to Nsamenang, Western cultures place high emphasis on consequences in parenting practices.

The Developmental Niche Framework suggests that social ontogenesis occurs independently of social interactions.

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