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Questions and Answers
Which of the following conditions is characterized by a unilateral, painful cystic lesion in the lower vestibule adjacent to the vaginal canal?
Which of the following conditions is characterized by a unilateral, painful cystic lesion in the lower vestibule adjacent to the vaginal canal?
Which HPV types are most commonly associated with condyloma acuminatum?
Which HPV types are most commonly associated with condyloma acuminatum?
What histological feature is characteristic of HPV-associated condylomas?
What histological feature is characteristic of HPV-associated condylomas?
Which condition presents with a white patch and parchment-like vulvar skin?
Which condition presents with a white patch and parchment-like vulvar skin?
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What is the most common age group affected by vulvar carcinoma?
What is the most common age group affected by vulvar carcinoma?
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Which condition is associated with chronic irritation and presents as leukoplakia with thick, leathery vulvar skin?
Which condition is associated with chronic irritation and presents as leukoplakia with thick, leathery vulvar skin?
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Which condition has a slightly increased risk for squamous cell carcinoma despite being benign?
Which condition has a slightly increased risk for squamous cell carcinoma despite being benign?
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What characterizes vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) as a precursor to vulvar carcinoma?
What characterizes vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) as a precursor to vulvar carcinoma?
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Study Notes
Vulva Conditions
- Basic Principles: The vulva includes the skin and mucosa of the female genitalia external to the hymen (labia, vestibule, mons pubis). It's lined by squamous epithelial tissue.
- Bartholin Cyst: A cystic dilation of the Bartholin gland, often painful, located near the vaginal canal. It's caused by inflammation and blockage of gland ducts, common in reproductive-aged women.
- Condyloma: A wart-like neoplasm (tumor) often associated with HPV types 6 and 11 (common). It can also be related to secondary syphilis. Histologically, HPV-associated condylomas are characterized by koilocytes. This condition is sexually transmitted and rarely progresses into carcinoma.
- Lichen Sclerosis: Characterized by epidermal thinning and dermal fibrosis. It presents as a white, leathery patch and is more common in postmenopausal women. Possible autoimmune etiology. It is benign, but carries a slightly increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma.
- Lichen Simplex Chronicus: Hyperplasia of the vulvar squamous epithelium. Characterized by leukoplakia (white patches), thick, leathery vulva. Caused by chronic irritation and scratching. Benign and doesn't increase squamous cell carcinoma risk.
- Vulvar Carcinoma: Carcinoma originating from the vulva's squamous epithelium. Relatively rare. Can present as leukoplakia, and may need biopsy to distinguish from other causes. HPV, particularly high-risk HPV types 16 and 18, are implicated factors.
Extramammary Paget Disease
- Characteristics: Malignant epithelial cells in the vulvar epidermis, typically presenting as erythematous and pruritic/ulcerated skin.
- Important Distinction: Often a carcinoma in situ (pre-cancer), without underlying carcinoma, unlike Paget disease of the nipple.
- Diagnosis: Distinguishing Paget disease from melanoma is crucial. Paget cells are PAS+, keratin+, and S100-. Melanoma is PAS-, keratin-, and S100+.
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Description
Explore various conditions affecting the vulva, including Bartholin cysts, condylomas, and lichen sclerosis. Understand their characteristics, implications, and associated risks. This quiz is essential for anyone studying female genital health and related topics.
