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VSEPR Theory and Molecular Geometry Quiz
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VSEPR Theory and Molecular Geometry Quiz

Created by
@ReputableKelpie

Questions and Answers

What does VSEPR theory stand for?

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory

Name all of the things that could be considered an electron group.

Lone pairs, single bonds, multiple bonds, and single electrons

What bond angle does linear geometry have?

180 degrees

A bond angle of 180 degrees would indicate what type of geometry?

<p>Linear</p> Signup and view all the answers

BeCl2 has what type of geometry and what bond angle?

<p>Linear geometry, 180 degree bond angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

A geometry of two electron groups and no lone pairs would indicate what?

<p>Linear geometry and 180 degree bond angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of geometry and bond angle does CO2 have?

<p>Linear geometry, 180 degree bond angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a molecule has three electron groups around the central atom, what is its geometry and bond angle?

<p>Trigonal planar geometry, 120 degree bond angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the geometry and bond angle of BF3?

<p>Trigonal planar, 120 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a trigonal planar molecule has a double bond within its geometry, will that bond be larger or smaller than 120 degrees? And will the bond angle of the other single bonds be larger or smaller than 120 degrees?

<p>Double bond = larger than 120 degrees, Single bond in same molecule = smaller than 120 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the geometry of HCHO (formaldehyde)?

<p>Trigonal planar w/ a double bond bond angle larger than 120 degrees and a single bond smaller than 120 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many dimensions do molecules with two or three electron groups around the central atom have?

<p>Two-dimensional</p> Signup and view all the answers

For molecules with four or more electron groups, what dimension are they?

<p>Three-dimensional</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of geometry and bond angles do you get with four electron groups?

<p>Tetrahedral geometry, 109.5 degree bond angles</p> Signup and view all the answers

Methane (CH4) has what kind of geometry and bond angles?

<p>Tetrahedral geometry, 109.5 degree bond angles</p> Signup and view all the answers

Five electron groups around a central atom assume what type of geometry?

<p>Trigonal bipyramidal geometry</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the bond angles in trigonal bipyramidal geometry.

<p>The three bond angles in the middle (equatorial position) are 120 degrees apart and the two electron groups in the axial positions on opposite sides of the equatorial plane are 90 degrees from the plane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of geometry does PCl5 have?

<p>Trigonal bipyramidal geometry</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a central atom is surrounded by 6 electron groups, then what is its geometry and bond angles?

<p>Octahedral geometry, 90 degree bond angles</p> Signup and view all the answers

SF6 has what type of geometry and bond angles?

<p>Octahedral, 90 degree bond angles</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a molecule has an electron geometry of tetrahedral but with one lone pair, what is its molecular geometry and bond angle?

<p>Trigonal pyramidal, 107 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a molecule has an electron geometry of tetrahedral but has two lone pairs, what is its molecular geometry and bond angle?

<p>Bent, 104.5 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

List these in order from most repulsive to least repulsive: 1. bond-bond 2. lone pair-lone pair 3. bond-lone pair.

<p>2, 3, 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is water's electron geometry and molecular geometry?

<p>EG: Tetrahedral MG: Bent</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a five electron group atom exists with one lone pair what is its electron geometry and molecular geometry?

<p>EG: Trigonal bipyramidal MG: Seesaw</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a molecule has a seesaw shape, does the lone pair occupy the axial or equatorial position and why?

<p>Equatorial position because it only has to touch two electron groups instead of three</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a molecule has five electron groups and two of them are lone pairs, what is the electron geometry and molecular geometry?

<p>EG: Trigonal bipyramidal, MG: T-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a molecule has five electron groups but three of the groups are lone pairs surrounding the central atom, what is the electron geometry and molecular geometry?

<p>EG: Trigonal bipyramidal, MG: Linear</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a molecule has 6 electron groups and one of them is a lone pair, what is the electron geometry and molecular geometry?

<p>EG: Octahedral MG: Square pyramidal</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a molecule has 6 electron groups and two of them are lone pairs, what is the electron geometry and molecular geometry?

<p>EG: Octahedral MG: Square planar</p> Signup and view all the answers

A molecule with a trigonal bipyramidal molecular geometry has a bond angle of....

<p>120 degrees for equatorial bonds, 90 degrees for axial bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give the molecular geometry for BrF3.

<p>T-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

Geometry of a central atom with four electron groups and one of them is a lone pair...

<p>Trigonal pyramidal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the number of groups around a molecule with sp hybridization.

<p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is a molecule with linear geometry polar or nonpolar?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is a molecule with bent geometry polar or nonpolar?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is a molecule with trigonal planar geometry polar or nonpolar?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is a molecule with tetrahedral geometry polar or nonpolar?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is a molecule with trigonal pyramidal geometry polar or nonpolar?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The number of electron groups around a molecule will always be one more than whatever its hybridization is... So what is the number of electron groups around a molecule with the hybridization of: 1. sp 2. sp3 3. sp3d2?

<ol> <li>2, 2. 4, 3. 5</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

A sp3d hybridized has a molecular geometry of seesaw, how many lone pairs are around the central atom?

<p>One</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give the hybridization for O in OF2.

<p>sp3</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give the hybridization of S in SF6.

<p>sp3d2</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give the hybridization of Br in BrCl3.

<p>sp3d</p> Signup and view all the answers

Determine the electron geometry and molecular geometry of CO3 2-.

<p>Trigonal planar, trigonal planar</p> Signup and view all the answers

The bond angle in NBr3, which has four electron groups and one of them is a lone pair, is...

<p>107 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a side-by-side overlap of p orbitals called?

<p>Pi bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an end-to-end overlap of p orbitals called?

<p>Sigma bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of sigma and pi bonds within a single bond?

<p>1 sigma, 0 pi</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of sigma and pi bonds within a double bond?

<p>1 sigma bond, 1 pi bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of sigma and pi bonds within a triple bond?

<p>1 sigma bond, 2 pi bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

A molecule with a seesaw molecular geometry has a bond angle of...

<p>Equatorial = less than 120 degrees, axial = less than 90 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

A molecule with a T-shaped molecular geometry has a bond angle of...

<p>Less than 90 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give the molecular geometry and electron geometry of BrF5.

<p>MG: Square pyramidal, EG: Octahedral</p> Signup and view all the answers

Soap works with water because...

<p>Hydrophobic ends of soap molecules attach to the oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bond angle of trigonal planar

<p>120 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bond angle of tetrahedral

<p>109.5 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bond angle of linear

<p>180 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

VSEPR Theory and Electron Groups

  • VSEPR stands for Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory, used to predict molecular shapes based on repulsion between electron groups.
  • Electron groups include lone pairs, single bonds, double bonds, and single electrons, affecting molecular geometry.

Molecular Geometries and Bond Angles

  • Linear geometry features a bond angle of 180 degrees, as seen in molecules like BeCl2 and CO2.
  • Trigonal planar geometry has a bond angle of 120 degrees, typical for molecules with three electron groups, such as BF3.
  • Tetrahedral geometry possesses bond angles of 109.5 degrees, with methane (CH4) as an example. Molecules can shift from ideal angles due to double bonds or lone pairs.
  • Trigonal bipyramidal geometry includes bond angles of 120 degrees (equatorial) and 90 degrees (axial), observed in PCl5, influencing the arrangement of electron groups and lone pairs.

Electron and Molecular Shapes with Lone Pairs

  • A molecule with tetrahedral electron geometry and one lone pair adopts a trigonal pyramidal shape (bond angle 107 degrees).
  • If there are two lone pairs in a tetrahedral arrangement, the molecular shape is bent with angles around 104.5 degrees.
  • For octahedral geometry, with six electron groups, bond angles are 90 degrees (e.g., SF6). A lone pair alters this to a square pyramidal shape.

Polarity and Hybridization

  • Linear and trigonal planar geometries are generally nonpolar, while geometries like bent and trigonal pyramidal are polar due to asymmetry.
  • Hybridization types correlate with electron groups: sp for 2 groups, sp3 for 4, sp3d for 5, and sp3d2 for 6.
  • Bonds consist of sigma and pi bonds, with single bonds having 1 sigma bond, double bonds having 1 sigma and 1 pi bond, and triple bonds having 1 sigma and 2 pi bonds.

Special Cases and Unique Configurations

  • A seesaw molecular geometry has an equatorial lone pair, creating angles less than 120 degrees between equatorial bonds and less than 90 degrees for axial bonds.
  • T-shaped structures also yield bond angles less than 90 degrees, demonstrating the effect of lone pairs on molecular symmetry and angles.
  • BrF5 exhibits a square pyramidal molecular geometry while maintaining an octahedral electron geometry, showcasing how lone pairs reshape molecule arrangements.

Additional Notes

  • Soap functions in water by having hydrophobic ends that bind with oil, illustrating the principle of polarity in chemical interactions.
  • Recognizing the bond angles associated with various molecular geometries is crucial for understanding molecular shape and reactivity in chemical processes.

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Description

Test your understanding of VSEPR Theory and how electron groups influence molecular shapes and bond angles. This quiz covers linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, and trigonal bipyramidal geometries, as well as the effects of lone pairs on molecular geometry.

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