18 Questions
What is the primary function of the inactivation gate peptide in sodium channels?
To restore inactivation and block open sodium channels
What is the result of the movement of the voltage-sensor in Domain IV of sodium channels?
Fast inactivation of the sodium channel
What is the role of hydrophobic amino acid residues in sodium channels?
To form a cluster required for fast Na+ channel inactivation
What is the consequence of the refractory period on the neural code?
It provides a nonlinear gain control to graded potential neurons
What is the clinical significance of measuring the refractory period in peripheral nerve?
It is used to diagnose neural disorders
What is the result of axonal myelination on the action potential refractory period?
It increases the action potential refractory period
What happens to the sodium ions during the repolarization of the membrane?
They are blocked from entering the cell, reducing the membrane potential.
What is the effect of the potassium ions leaving the cell during repolarization?
It decreases the membrane potential.
What happens to the sodium channel's activation gate during repolarization?
It closes, blocking sodium ions from entering.
What triggers the closure of the sodium channel's activation gate during repolarization?
The change in the electric field around the channel.
What is the state of the sodium channel when its activation gate is closed and its inactivation gate is open?
Resting
Why do not all sodium channels inactivate during the action potential?
Some channels are resistant to inactivation.
What is the primary mechanism underlying the transmission of information in neurons?
Ionic currents generated by the opening of voltage-gated channels
What is the function of the activation gate in voltage-gated Na+ channels?
To sense changes in membrane voltage
What is the role of the inactivation gate in voltage-gated Na+ channels?
To rapidly inactivate the channel
What is the structural feature of voltage-gated K+ channels that differs from Na+ channels?
The presence of four identical subunits
What is the final state of a voltage-gated Na+ channel after activation?
Inactivated, with the activation gate open and the inactivation gate closed
What is the significance of the region between domains III and IV in voltage-gated Na+ channels?
It is the site of rapid inactivation
Assess your knowledge of voltage-gated sodium channels, their structure, function, and inactivation mechanisms. Learn about the role of hydrophobic amino acid residues and inactivation gate peptides. Test your understanding of scientific research and studies on this topic.
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