Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the inactivation gate peptide in sodium channels?

  • To restore inactivation and block open sodium channels (correct)
  • To increase the refractory period of the neuron
  • To decrease the voltage-sensor movement
  • To activate the sodium channel
  • What is the result of the movement of the voltage-sensor in Domain IV of sodium channels?

  • Slow inactivation of the sodium channel
  • Decreased refractory period of the neuron
  • Activation of the sodium channel
  • Fast inactivation of the sodium channel (correct)
  • What is the role of hydrophobic amino acid residues in sodium channels?

  • To increase the voltage-sensor movement
  • To form a cluster required for fast Na+ channel inactivation (correct)
  • To activate the sodium channel
  • To decrease the refractory period of the neuron
  • What is the consequence of the refractory period on the neural code?

    <p>It provides a nonlinear gain control to graded potential neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clinical significance of measuring the refractory period in peripheral nerve?

    <p>It is used to diagnose neural disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of axonal myelination on the action potential refractory period?

    <p>It increases the action potential refractory period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the sodium ions during the repolarization of the membrane?

    <p>They are blocked from entering the cell, reducing the membrane potential.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the potassium ions leaving the cell during repolarization?

    <p>It decreases the membrane potential.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the sodium channel's activation gate during repolarization?

    <p>It closes, blocking sodium ions from entering.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the closure of the sodium channel's activation gate during repolarization?

    <p>The change in the electric field around the channel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the state of the sodium channel when its activation gate is closed and its inactivation gate is open?

    <p>Resting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do not all sodium channels inactivate during the action potential?

    <p>Some channels are resistant to inactivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism underlying the transmission of information in neurons?

    <p>Ionic currents generated by the opening of voltage-gated channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the activation gate in voltage-gated Na+ channels?

    <p>To sense changes in membrane voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the inactivation gate in voltage-gated Na+ channels?

    <p>To rapidly inactivate the channel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structural feature of voltage-gated K+ channels that differs from Na+ channels?

    <p>The presence of four identical subunits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final state of a voltage-gated Na+ channel after activation?

    <p>Inactivated, with the activation gate open and the inactivation gate closed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the region between domains III and IV in voltage-gated Na+ channels?

    <p>It is the site of rapid inactivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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