27 Questions
How many members does VGIC family have?
143
Which ion channel is associated with the condition of episodic ataxia?
Kv1.1 and Cav2.1
Which ion channel is associated with the condition of paralysis?
Cav1.1 and Nav1.4
Which ion channel is associated with the condition of myotonia?
Kv1.1, Nav1.4, CLC1
Which ion channel is associated with the condition of seizures?
Kv7.2, Kv7.3, KCa, Nav1.1, Nav1.2, Cav, CLC2
Which ion channel is associated with Long QT syndrome?
Kv1.7, Mink, MIRP1, Nav1.5
Which subunit of VGICs can function on its own?
α subunits
What are 2 members in the VGICs family that show the most diverse range/structure?
K+ and TRP
Which subunit of VGICs can regulate expression levels, location, and trafficking?
β subunit
Which ions are controlled by the aqueous pore in VGICs?
Na+, K+, and Ca2+
What is the selectivity of K+ channels over Na+ channels?
100-1000 fold
What causes VGICs to open in response to changes in membrane potential?
Voltage sensor movement
What is the mechanism behind inactivation of voltage-dependent Na+ channels?
Ball and Chain model
What is the main use of tetrodotoxin in studying Na+ channels?
Experimental tool in vitro
What is the mechanism of action of local anesthetics on Na+ channels?
Blocking the pore
Which of the following is crucial for pain perception therefore this selective inhibitor can be used for the Treatment of Pain?
Nav1.7
Which type of channels are responsible for setting the cell's resting membrane potential?
Kv channels
What is the main role of Kv channels in controlling the cell's rate of firing and shape of the action potential?
Decreasing firing frequency
Which type of channels are being developed as potential anti-inflammatory drugs for various immune-related disorders?
Kv1.3
Which type of channels can trigger muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, activation of second messenger systems, alteration in gene expression, and apoptosis (Cell death)?
CaV channels
These drugs are used for the treatment of chronic pain and epilepsy. These are selective for Cav2.2 (N-Type) that regulate neurotransmitter release in sensory neurones
Gabapentin, Pregabalin
Which ligand can activate TRPV1, the major pungent constituent of chili?
Capsaicin
Which ion channels are involved in the influx of Na+ and Ca2+ in dorsal root ganglion neurons, resulting in membrane depolarization and pain perception?
TRP channels
Which ion channels are inhibited by local anesthetics?
NaV channels
What is the mechanism of inactivation for voltage-dependent Na+ channels?
Influx of +ve charge causes an intracellular domain to swing into the open pore of the channel
When does deactivation of a channel occur?
When the membrane potential reverses back to its resting state
What is the role of the Ball and Chain model for inactivation of channels?
Influx of +ve charge causes an intracellular domain to swing into the open pore of the channel to prevent ion flow
Test your knowledge on Voltage-Gated Ion Channels (VGICs) and their role in synaptic transmission. Identify different types of VGICs and understand their functions.
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