Volcanoes: Ring of Fire, Magma, Eruptions

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Most volcanoes are concentrated around the Ring of Fire. With which ocean is the Ring of Fire associated?

Indian Ocean
Pacific Ocean (correct)
Atlantic Ocean
Arctic Ocean

An eruption is described as the release of magma. From where is the magma released?

A volcano (correct)
An epicenter
An earthquake
A hotspot

Where is the region beneath the Earth's crust in which magma is stored?

Magma vent
Magma chamber (correct)
Magma crater
Magma dome

What are the exit points on a volcano through which magma is released called?

Vents (A) Signup and view all the answers

Approximately how many active volcanoes are estimated to exist on Earth?

600 (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of volcano is characterized by gentle eruptions and oozing lava flows?

Shield (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of plate boundary is most commonly associated with subduction zones, where volcanoes are created?

Convergent boundary (B) Signup and view all the answers

Volcanoes can have several benefits. What is NOT a beneficial effect of volcanic eruptions?

Land destroyed (C) Signup and view all the answers

Volcanic eruptions are considered beneficial for which of the following reasons?

They contribute to the formation of fertile soil over time. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A scientist is monitoring a volcano that typically exhibits mild to moderate eruptions. What type of volcano is this MOST likely to be?

Composite volcano (D) Signup and view all the answers

The intensity of a volcanic eruption is measured using which of the following scales?

VEI scale (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of volcano is LEAST likely to be primarily composed of basalt?

Composite volcano (A) Signup and view all the answers

An igneous rock formed from pyroclastic material would MOST accurately be described as having what type of texture?

Fragmental (A) Signup and view all the answers

Considering both height and breadth, which of the following is currently recognized as the largest known volcano in our solar system?

Olympus Mons (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors has the LEAST direct influence on the viscosity of magma?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

Volcanic ash accumulation can cause roofs to collapse due to its weight. Which of the following BEST explains why volcanic ash is so heavy?

It consists of tiny fragments of rocks that becomes heavy as they pile up (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which activity does not primarily contribute to global warming?

Reforestation (C) Signup and view all the answers

City A, located near the equator and surrounded by bodies of water, experiences a moderate climate. Which factor will most significantly influence City A's climate?

Latitude (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a likely indication of global warming?

Rising of sea level (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the factors greatly influences climate by redistributing heat around the globe?

Ocean currents (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why does the greenhouse effect result in warmer temperatures near the Earth's surface?

Carbon dioxide traps infrared radiation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the atmospheric conditions of a place over a long period of time?

Climate (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely consequence of an excessive amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

Temperature increases (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which practice is generally considered the best for reducing the effects of climate change?

Organic farming (D) Signup and view all the answers

Repeated lava eruptions typically result in what geological formation?

A broad, layered volcanic structure. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does precipitation typically differ between the windward and leeward sides of a mountain range?

The windward side receives more precipitation as moist air is forced to rise and cool. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What generally happens to the temperature of air as altitude increases in the troposphere?

Temperature decreases due to adiabatic cooling. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements BEST describes climate?

The average weather conditions in a region over a long period. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why are the coldest places on Earth generally found at the poles?

The poles receive less direct solar radiation, resulting in lower average temperatures. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is most likely to occur when the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal in a given volume of air?

The dew point is reached, potentially leading to cloud formation. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following contributes significantly to global warming?

The rising of warm air into the atmosphere creating convection currents. (D) Signup and view all the answers

When does the greenhouse effect occur in Earth's atmosphere?

When greenhouse gases near Earth's surface absorb heat radiated from Earth. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why are some stars visible in March but not in September?

This is due to the Earth's revolution. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of star is most similar to our Sun?

Yellow Star (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do stars seem to move across the night sky from an Earth-based observer's perspective?

Stars seem to move from East to West. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct term for a group of stars within a definite region of the sky?

Constellation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which constellation is prominently visible in the sky during the summer months in the Northern Hemisphere?

Sagittarius (B) Signup and view all the answers

The asterism known as the Big Dipper is part of which larger constellation?

Ursa Major (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest constellation in terms of area in the night sky?

Hydra (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the zodiacal constellations?

The path the Sun appears to take through the sky. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

Ring of Fire

A major area in the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur.

Magma Chamber

The area below the Earth's crust where magma is stored before an eruption.