Volcanoes and Eruptions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements is true about inactive volcanoes?

Volcanoes that might erupt anytime

Volcanoes that have record of eruption within the last 600 years

Volcanoes that have no records of eruption for the last 10,000 years (correct)

None of the above

What type of volcano possesses a steep slope and wide crater?

stratovolcano (correct)

cinder cone volcano

shield volcano

composite volcano

What will happen to the viscosity of magma when the temperature increases?

also increases

will remain the same

they are not related

decreases (correct)

What do you call the type of volcano that is shown below?

composite volcano Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following volcanic eruptions that occurs due to contact between water and magma?

phreatomagmatic Signup and view all the answers

What type of volcanic eruption is driven by explosive expanding steam resulting from surface water coming into contact with magma?

phreatic Signup and view all the answers

What type of volcanic eruption that is characterized by fountain of viscous lava?

strombolian Signup and view all the answers

Pelean eruption is said to be the most violent of all types of volcanic eruptions.

False Signup and view all the answers

Quiet eruption is caused by highly viscous magma inside the vent that easily solidifies, and forms a blockage in the crater of the volcano.

True Signup and view all the answers

PHIVOLCS have listed five types of volcanic eruptions.

False Signup and view all the answers

Match the description in column A with the type of volcanic eruption in column B.

Phreatic = An eruption occurs when the dome or of the tall eruption column collapses and produces avalanche. Phreatomagmatic = An eruption that evolves steam which is produced when groundwater is heated due to underlying heat source. Vulcanian = An eruption that results from an ejection of magmatic gases and steam produced by the conversion of groundwater to steam by ascending magma. Strombolian = An eruption characterized by lava fountains and outbursts of molten lava. Pelean = The eruption that is said to be the most violent of all types of volcanic eruptions. Plinian = An eruption that results to formation of a voluminous cauliflower clouds. Signup and view all the answers

What do you call the eruption which is characterized by lava fountains and outbursts of molten lava?

strombolian Signup and view all the answers

What do you call the eruption that occurs when the dome or of the tall eruption column collapses and produces a glowing avalanche?

pelean Signup and view all the answers

What do you call the eruption that results from an ejection of magmatic gases and steam produced by the conversion of groundwater to steam by ascending magma?

phreatomagmatic Signup and view all the answers

What do you call the eruption that is said to be the most violent of all types of volcanic eruptions?

plinian Signup and view all the answers

What do you call the eruption that may result in the formation of caldera or volcano-tectonic depressions?

plinian Signup and view all the answers

What do you call the eruption resulting from the release of large quantities of accumulated magmatic gas, which lifts fine ash with great force high into the air, forming voluminous cauliflower clouds?

vulcanian Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is not one of the roles of PHIVOLCS in disaster risk management?

Control the occurrence of volcanic eruptions and earthquakes in the Philippines. Signup and view all the answers

Briefly explain what happens when volcanoes erupt.

When volcanoes erupt, molten rock (magma) from beneath the Earth's surface is released, often accompanied by gases and ash. This process can vary in intensity, ranging from slow lava flows to explosive eruptions that send ash and debris high into the atmosphere. Signup and view all the answers

What did you experience/ other experience during Mayon Volcano eruption? What measures are done by the LGU to secure the safety and health of the people?

During the Mayon Volcano eruption, people experienced ashfall, volcanic tremors, and evacuation. LGUs implemented measures like evacuation orders, distribution of food and water, and setting up evacuation centers to ensure the safety of the residents. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction

Volcanoes can cause disasters, even to distant communities
Mount Pinatubo's eruption (1991) after 600 years of inactivity caused widespread destruction, affecting over 100,000 homes and covering vast areas in sediment.

Types of Volcanoes and Volcanic Eruptions

A quiz to assess prior knowledge about volcanoes is provided (questions and possible answers are also included.)
Types of volcanoes are described, including shield, cinder cone, composite, and descriptions of their features (steep sides, wide crater).
Magma viscosity is discussed and its relationship to temperature – an increase in temperature decreases viscosity.

Explosive and Quiet Eruptions

Explosive eruptions are caused by highly viscous magma that eventually solidifies, blocking gas release and increasing pressure. This leads to a violent eruption. Most Philippine volcanoes erupt explosively.
Quiet eruptions involve fluid magma, letting expanding gases escape easily, resulting in a less explosive, but spectacular release of material. Quiet eruptions are also linked to ridge systems.

Types of Volcanic Eruptions

Six types of volcanic eruptions are listed by PHIVOLCS, including Phreatic, Phreatomagmatic, Vulcanian, Strombolian, Pelean, and Plinian
Each eruption type is described, and the characteristics associated with them. Examples are given, like Mayon Volcano (2006 for phreatic), Kavachi Volcano (2000 for phreatomagmatic), Mount Etna (2002 for strombolian), and Mount Vesuvius (1779 for Plinian).

Effects of Volcanic Eruptions

Volcanic materials and hazards include:
- Pyroclastic flows (fast-moving hot rock and gas, very destructive)
- Lava flows (molten rock flows)
- Ashfall or tephra fall (fine to coarse materials, can cause respiratory problems, and structural damage)
- Lahars (volcanic mudflows)
- Volcanic gases (harmful).
Other hazards: debris avalanches, tsunamis, and secondary explosions can potentially result as well.

The Role of PHIVOLCS

PHIVOLCS predicts volcanic eruptions and earthquakes.
They determine how these events occur.
They identify potentially affected regions.
They provide forecasting data.
Develop disaster preparedness and response strategies.

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Description

Test your knowledge on volcanoes with this quiz that covers various types and characteristics of volcanic eruptions. Learn about the differences between explosive and quiet eruptions, as well as the impact of magma viscosity on eruption intensity. Perfect for students interested in geology and earth sciences.