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Questions and Answers
What is the opening in the Earth's crust where magma erupts to the surface called?
What type of volcano is formed when lava is ejected from a single vent?
Which term refers to the quiet release of gas, lava, and ash from a volcano?
What is the most violent and explosive type of volcano?
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Which type of cone is formed when a volcano erupts alternately with solidification of lava and cinders?
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What substance interacts with magma in phreatomagmatic eruptions?
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Which type of volcanic eruption is characterized by continuous gas blasts and explosive ejection of viscous lava, gas-rich magma, and large volumes of pumice?
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What type of volcanic eruption produces luminous arcs through the sky from bursts of molten lava clots?
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In what year did the famous eruption of Mt. Pinatubo occur?
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Which of the following is NOT an indicator of an impending volcanic eruption?
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Study Notes
Definitions and Concepts
- A volcano is an opening in the Earth's crust where magma erupts to the surface.
- The opening at the summit of a volcano is called a vent.
- A crater is a depression at the top of a volcano.
Types of Volcanoes
- Shield volcanoes have a broad shape with gentle slopes and are formed by the eruption of fluid lava flows.
- Composite volcanoes are the most violent and explosive type of volcano and are formed by the eruption of a combination of lava flows, ash, and gas.
- Cinder volcanoes are formed from the accumulation of ash and cinders from small-scale eruptions.
Volcanic Eruptions
- An eruption refers to the release of gas, lava, and ash from a volcano.
- Phreatomagmatic eruptions occur when magma interacts with water.
- Plinian eruptions are large explosive events characterized by continuous gas blasts and the explosive ejection of viscous lava, gas-rich magma, and large volumes of volcanic rock known as pumice.
- Strombolian eruptions produce luminous arcs through the sky, produced from bursts of huge clots of molten lava.
Volcanic Landforms and Rocks
- Solidified lava belongs to the igneous rock family.
- Volcanic landforms can be formed from lava ejected from a single vent.
Notable Volcanoes and Eruptions
- Mt. Mayon is a composite volcano.
- The famous eruption of Mt. Pinatubo occurred in 1991.
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Description
Test your knowledge about volcanoes with this quiz! Learn about the different parts of a volcano and how they work. Make sure to carefully read each question before writing down your answers.
