Volcano Definition and Types

Questions and Answers

What is a volcano?

Opening or vent in a planet's crust from which molten rock, ash, and gases escape.

What type of volcano is Mount Rinjani?

Active volcano

What defines an active volcano?

Has erupted within the last 10,000 years; has erupted in recorded history.

What is an extinct volcano?

Not erupted in historical times; not likely to erupt again because their supply of magma has been depleted. Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for a dormant volcano?

Inactive volcano Signup and view all the answers

What type of volcano is characterized by having a tall mountain with a crater on top?

Composite volcano or stratovolcano Signup and view all the answers

What does silica do to lava?

Makes the lava thick or viscous and capable of reaching great heights. Signup and view all the answers

Where is Mount Krakatoa located?

Indonesia Signup and view all the answers

What is a shield volcano?

Almost flat and broad like a warrior's shield; has a lower percentage of silica and is thus less viscous than a composite volcano. Signup and view all the answers

Which shield volcano is located in Hawaii?

Mauna Loa Signup and view all the answers

What are cinder cones made up of?

Pyroclasts Signup and view all the answers

What are pyroclasts?

Fragments of volcanic rocks that form steep slopes around their wide crater. Signup and view all the answers

Where is Paricutin located?

Mexico Signup and view all the answers

What makes submarine volcanoes easier to detect?

If they are in shallow water. Signup and view all the answers

What are hydrophones used for?

Devices to detect the sounds of a submarine underwater. Signup and view all the answers

Where are subglacial volcanoes typically found?

High-latitude countries like Iceland. Signup and view all the answers

What does IAVCEI stand for?

International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior. Signup and view all the answers

What factors define Decade Volcanoes?

Their history of destructive eruptions and their nearness to populated areas. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Volcano Definition and Types

A volcano is an opening in a planet's crust where molten rock, ash, and gases are expelled from below.
Mount Rinjani on Lombok is Indonesia’s second highest active volcano.
Active Volcanoes erupt within the last 10,000 years and have documented eruptions.
Extinct Volcanoes have no eruptions in historical times and are unlikely to erupt again due to depleted magma supply.
Dormant Volcanoes are also known as inactive volcanoes.

Volcano Classifications

Composite Volcanoes (Stratovolcanoes) are characterized by tall peaks with craters, releasing pyroclastic materials, gases, and lava. They are the most common type.
Silica in lava increases its viscosity, allowing it to reach significant heights.
Shield Volcanoes have broad, gentle slopes resembling a warrior’s shield, with lower silica percentages making the lava less viscous. Example: Mauna Loa in Hawaii.
Cinder Cones (Pyroclastic Cones) are typically small and composed of pyroclasts, often forming groups around larger volcanoes, with most eruptions occurring only once.
Submarine Volcanoes are easier to detect in shallow waters.

Volcano Characteristics and Detection

Pyroclasts are fragments of volcanic rock that create steep slopes surrounding wide craters.
Paricutin is a notable cinder cone located in Mexico.
Hydrophones are devices invented in Britain for detecting underwater volcanic sounds.
Subglacial Volcanoes are found in high-latitude regions, such as Iceland.

Organizations and Hazard Assessment

The International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI) is an organization focused on volcanic research.
Decade Volcanoes are distinguished by their history of destructive eruptions and proximity to populated areas.

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Description

This quiz explores the definitions and classifications of volcanoes, including types such as active, dormant, and extinct volcanoes. Participants will learn about the characteristics of different volcanoes, including composite, shield, and cinder cone types. Test your knowledge and understanding of volcanic formations and their behavior.