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Questions and Answers

What type of caldera forms when the roof of the magma chamber collapses into the void?

  • Explosive caldera
  • Chemical caldera
  • Detrital caldera
  • Collapse caldera (correct)

Which process describes the alteration of rock composition through chemical reactions?

  • Physical erosion
  • Chemical weathering (correct)
  • Detrital transformation
  • Mechanical weathering

What is the process by which loose sediment is transformed into solid rock?

  • Erosion
  • Lithification (correct)
  • Metamorphism
  • Deposition

Which agent of sedimentary transport typically results in poorly sorted sediment?

<p>Gravity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do ripple marks indicate about the sedimentary environment?

<p>Deposition in a current (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do body fossils represent compared to trace fossils?

<p>Evidence of organism activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three most abundant volcanic gases?

<p>Water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between lava flow and pyroclastic flow?

<p>Lava flows are molten rock moving slowly, while pyroclastic flows are fast-moving currents of hot gas and volcanic matter. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of volcano is mainly composed of fluid lava flows?

<p>Shield volcanoes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of a caldera formation?

<p>Collapse of a volcano's magma chamber during an explosive eruption or after emptying (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which volcanic event buried the city of Pompeii?

<p>Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do volcanic gases play in atmospheric changes?

<p>They contribute to atmospheric changes like global cooling or warming (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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