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Questions and Answers

What type of caldera forms when the roof of the magma chamber collapses into the void?

  • Explosive caldera
  • Chemical caldera
  • Detrital caldera
  • Collapse caldera (correct)
  • Which process describes the alteration of rock composition through chemical reactions?

  • Physical erosion
  • Chemical weathering (correct)
  • Detrital transformation
  • Mechanical weathering
  • What is the process by which loose sediment is transformed into solid rock?

  • Erosion
  • Lithification (correct)
  • Metamorphism
  • Deposition
  • Which agent of sedimentary transport typically results in poorly sorted sediment?

    <p>Gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do ripple marks indicate about the sedimentary environment?

    <p>Deposition in a current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do body fossils represent compared to trace fossils?

    <p>Evidence of organism activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three most abundant volcanic gases?

    <p>Water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between lava flow and pyroclastic flow?

    <p>Lava flows are molten rock moving slowly, while pyroclastic flows are fast-moving currents of hot gas and volcanic matter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of volcano is mainly composed of fluid lava flows?

    <p>Shield volcanoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of a caldera formation?

    <p>Collapse of a volcano's magma chamber during an explosive eruption or after emptying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which volcanic event buried the city of Pompeii?

    <p>Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do volcanic gases play in atmospheric changes?

    <p>They contribute to atmospheric changes like global cooling or warming</p> Signup and view all the answers

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