15 Questions
What type of eruption is associated with hot gas, molten lava, rocks, ash, and steam?
Effusive eruption
Which volcanic eruption type is characterized by spewing thicker magma and rocks into the air?
Explosive eruption
In which country did an effusive eruption in 2021 result in the destruction of over 1,000 homes and 32 casualties?
Democratic Republic of the Congo
What is the term used for the rocks and debris thrown into the air by a volcano?
Tephra
What is the term for molten rock beneath the Earth's crust?
Magma
Where did the word 'volcano' originate from?
Italian meaning 'burning mountain'
What determines the type of eruption based on the amount of pressure and available vents?
The type of magma chamber
What type of volcano is built from slow thin layers of fluid lava, with vents in the center or the flow coming from small fissures around?
Shield Volcanoes
Why do recent lava flows kill anything they touch, while cool lava rocks are filled with nutrients that plants love?
Due to the high temperature of recent lava flows
What type of eruption is named after an eruption on the island of Vulcano?
Vulcanian
Which type of volcano is considered extinct?
Kohala Volcano
What is the most dangerous aspect of Pelean eruptions?
Material quickly falling and rolling or flowing down the side of the volcano
Which volcano is associated with a Vulcanian eruption in 1999?
Shishaldin Volcano
How are dormant volcanoes defined?
Erupted in recorded history and will erupt again at some point, but not soon
What type of volcano is Mount St. Helens considered before it suddenly erupted in 1980?
Dormant
Study Notes
Volcanic Eruptions
- An explosive eruption is characterized by hot gas, molten lava, rocks, ash, and steam.
- A Vulcanian eruption is marked by spewing thicker magma and rocks into the air.
- The 2021 effusive eruption in the Democratic Republic of Congo resulted in the destruction of over 1,000 homes and 32 casualties.
Volcanic Terminology
- Pyroclastic is the term used for the rocks and debris thrown into the air by a volcano.
- Magma is the term for molten rock beneath the Earth's crust.
- The word 'volcano' originated from the name of the Roman god of fire, Vulcan.
Volcano Characteristics
- The type of eruption is determined by the amount of pressure and available vents.
- Shield volcanoes are built from slow thin layers of fluid lava, with vents in the center or the flow coming from small fissures around.
Lava and Ecosystem
- Recent lava flows are hot and kill anything they touch.
- Cool lava rocks are filled with nutrients that plants love.
Volcanic Classifications
- A Vulcanian eruption is named after an eruption on the island of Vulcano.
- An extinct volcano is one that is no longer active and will not erupt again.
- The most dangerous aspect of Pelean eruptions is the generation of pyroclastic flows.
- Mount St. Helens was considered a stratovolcano before it suddenly erupted in 1980.
Volcanic States
- A dormant volcano is one that is no longer active but can still erupt in the future.
- The 1999 eruption of Mount Semeru was a Vulcanian eruption.
Test your knowledge about different types of volcanic eruptions, their characteristics, and impact on the surrounding environment. Learn about the 2021 eruption of Mount Nyiragongo in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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