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Questions and Answers
Which instructional strategy would be most effective in helping students understand the relationships between a word, its definition, characteristics, examples, and non-examples?
Which instructional strategy would be most effective in helping students understand the relationships between a word, its definition, characteristics, examples, and non-examples?
- Frayer Model (correct)
- KWL Chart
- Think-alouds
- Close Reading
A teacher wants to assess students' understanding of a complex text, focusing not just on recall but on critical engagement. Which approach aligns best with this goal?
A teacher wants to assess students' understanding of a complex text, focusing not just on recall but on critical engagement. Which approach aligns best with this goal?
- Assigning a summary writing task where students reiterate the main points of each paragraph.
- Administering a multiple-choice quiz focused on key facts presented in the text.
- Conducting a close reading activity, encouraging students to analyze the text deeply. (correct)
- Having students create a KWL chart to track what they knew, wanted to know, and learned.
A team of teachers is reviewing reading assessment data to determine which classrooms need additional support. What is the primary purpose of this activity?
A team of teachers is reviewing reading assessment data to determine which classrooms need additional support. What is the primary purpose of this activity?
- To determine areas where specific classrooms or grade levels require more resources. (correct)
- To identify students for gifted and talented programs.
- To rank students based on their reading abilities.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of individual teachers.
A researcher is evaluating a new reading assessment tool. What aspect of the tool is being examined when determining if it consistently and accurately measures learning?
A researcher is evaluating a new reading assessment tool. What aspect of the tool is being examined when determining if it consistently and accurately measures learning?
A teacher observes that a student struggles with idioms and metaphors. What type of support would be most beneficial for this student?
A teacher observes that a student struggles with idioms and metaphors. What type of support would be most beneficial for this student?
What is the MOST appropriate intervention strategy for students exhibiting deficits in both decoding and reading comprehension?
What is the MOST appropriate intervention strategy for students exhibiting deficits in both decoding and reading comprehension?
According to Bloom's Taxonomy, which cognitive process is exemplified by a student creating a new story based on elements from several different texts?
According to Bloom's Taxonomy, which cognitive process is exemplified by a student creating a new story based on elements from several different texts?
A teacher is working with a student who consistently misinterprets the meaning of words in context. Which aspect of language is the student struggling with?
A teacher is working with a student who consistently misinterprets the meaning of words in context. Which aspect of language is the student struggling with?
During a reading lesson, a teacher models their thinking process aloud while reading a passage. Which strategy is the teacher employing to support students' oral language use?
During a reading lesson, a teacher models their thinking process aloud while reading a passage. Which strategy is the teacher employing to support students' oral language use?
Which activity primarily focuses on developing a student's phonological awareness skills related to word awareness?
Which activity primarily focuses on developing a student's phonological awareness skills related to word awareness?
A teacher is focusing on sentence structure and grammar rules with students. Which specific aspect of language is being addressed?
A teacher is focusing on sentence structure and grammar rules with students. Which specific aspect of language is being addressed?
Which of the following best describes the role of derivational morphemes in vocabulary development?
Which of the following best describes the role of derivational morphemes in vocabulary development?
What is a defining characteristic of continuant sounds?
What is a defining characteristic of continuant sounds?
A teacher is providing explicit, systematic phonics instruction. What is the MOST likely approach they will use?
A teacher is providing explicit, systematic phonics instruction. What is the MOST likely approach they will use?
What is the hallmark of systematic phonics instruction?
What is the hallmark of systematic phonics instruction?
In the context of early reading, why are decodable words important?
In the context of early reading, why are decodable words important?
What is the defining characteristic of a digraph?
What is the defining characteristic of a digraph?
Which scenario exemplifies systematic instruction in reading?
Which scenario exemplifies systematic instruction in reading?
What does the denotative meaning of a word refer to?
What does the denotative meaning of a word refer to?
What skill is typically associated with an 'early reader'?
What skill is typically associated with an 'early reader'?
Flashcards
Frayer Model
Frayer Model
A four-square graphic organizer used to help students learn and understand new vocabulary words by defining, identifying characteristics, listing examples, and providing non-examples.
Close Reading
Close Reading
Detailed analysis of a text to achieve a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of its content and meaning.
Evaluative Comprehension Skills
Evaluative Comprehension Skills
Analyzing and judging the quality of text evidence and the soundness of reasoning presented within the text.
Determining Importance
Determining Importance
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KWL Chart
KWL Chart
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Reader and Task Variables
Reader and Task Variables
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Oral Reading Fluency
Oral Reading Fluency
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Screeners for Primary Grades
Screeners for Primary Grades
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Reliability
Reliability
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Validity
Validity
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Comprehension Assessments
Comprehension Assessments
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Data Collection
Data Collection
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Phonological Deficits
Phonological Deficits
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Vocabulary support
Vocabulary support
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Specific Comprehension Deficits
Specific Comprehension Deficits
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Predicate
Predicate
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Semantics
Semantics
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Phonological Skills
Phonological Skills
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Synthetic Phonics Approach
Synthetic Phonics Approach
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Digraph
Digraph
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Study Notes
- Strategies to enhance awareness of vocabulary involve building word consciousness.
Frayer Model
- The Frayer Model is a four-square graphic organizer.
- It assists students in learning and understanding new vocabulary words.
- Encourages defining a word, identifying characteristics, listing examples, and providing non-examples.
Close Reading
- Close Reading is a detailed analysis of a text for deeper understanding.
Evaluative Comprehension Skills
- Evaluative comprehension skills involve analyzing and judging text evidence and reasoning.
Determining Importance
- Determining importance means identifying critical ideas for text comprehension.
KWL Chart
- A KWL chart is a three-column graphic organizer.
- Used to facilitate learning.
- Prompts students to record what they know, what they want to know, and what they have learned about a topic.
Reader and Task Variables
- Reader and task variables are specific to particular readers and tasks.
- They affect motivation and complexity.
Oral Reading Fluency
- Oral reading fluency is the ability to read a text accurately, quickly, and with proper expression.
Screeners for Primary Grades
- Screeners for primary grades assess phonological awareness skills, letter names, letter sounds, concepts of print, high-frequency words, pseudo-words, phonics skills, oral reading fluency, and comprehension.
Reliability
- Reliability is the extent to which the assessment tool consistently and accurately measures learning.
Reading Assessment Data
- Reading assessment data is used to determine individual classrooms/grade levels needing additional support.
Validity
- Validity refers to the extent to which the assessment tool measures what it was designed to measure.
Comprehension Assessments
- These involve having students read a short passage or text out loud or silently.
Qualitative Assessment
- Focuses on the quality of student performance rather than just numerical scores.
Planning Recommendations
- Providing instructional recommendations to teachers.
Instructional Goals
- Grouping students for interventions based on similar learning needs.
Data Collection
- Data collection assesses reading skills using multiple measures for relevant information.
Phonological Deficits
- Students struggle with word recognition due to weak phonological processing.
Twice-Exceptional Students
- Exhibit gifted traits and also require support in areas that impact learning.
Vocabulary Support
- Additional support is needed for understanding idioms, metaphors, and other figurative language.
Students with Specific Comprehension Deficits
- They struggle with vocabulary, learning language, and abstract reasoning.
Instructional Accommodations
- Providing students with a hard copy of notes.
Expressive Language
- Producing information through speaking or writing.
Material Accommodations
- Underlining or highlighting the key words in directions.
Mixed Reading Difficulties
- Students who have deficits in both decoding and comprehension.
Fluency
- Providing opportunities to read out loud.
Levels of Blooms Taxonomy
- Remember, Understand, Apply, Analyze, Evaluate, Create.
Semantics
- Semantics refers to the meaning system of language.
Predicate
- Must have a verb.
Think-Alouds
- Verbalizing thinking as a strategy to support oral language use.
Phonological Skills
- An awareness of sounds, including syllables and onset-rime.
Syntax
- Sentence structure and grammar rules.
Morphological Skills
- Understanding word parts and their meanings.
Continuant Sounds
- Spoken through a fixed configuration of the vocal tract (vowel sounds, fricatives, nasals).
Text-Based Discussions
- An activity that supports oral language use.
Derivational Morpheme
- An affix (prefix or suffix) that most often changes a word's part of speech.
Derivational Affixes
- Added to the end of the word; generally changes the grammatical category of a word.
Phonological Awareness Skill - Word Awareness
- The ability to recognize and manipulate words in a sentence.
Synthetic Phonics Approach
- Explicit instruction of individual letter sounds and letter combinations.
Invented Spelling
- Sound-based spelling where students use unconventional spelling based on their current level of understanding regarding letter-sound patterns.
Systematic Phonics Instruction
- Should follow a logical scope and sequence, on a continuum from least to most complex concepts/skills.
Decodable Words
- High-frequency words that follow typical phonetic patterns and can be decoded easily.
Digraph
- A combination of two letters representing one sound (th, sh, ch).
Systematic Instruction
- The use of a specific instructional sequence, starting with simple concepts and moving to more complex.
Denotative Meaning
- A word’s literal meaning; its definition.
Early Reader
- Automatic and accurate letter naming skills.
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