25 Questions
What is the classification of most vitamins?
Water-soluble
Where in the digestive system do vitamins absorption is maximal?
Small intestine
Which vitamin dissolves in water?
Vitamin B1
Where are fat-soluble vitamins stored?
In body fat
Why must Water-soluble vitamins be regularly supplied in the diet?
Because they cannot be stored in the body
What is the collective term for several related biologically active molecules in the context of Vitamin A?
Retinol and Retinal
Which food source is rich in retinoids, a form of Vitamin A?
Fish oils
What deficiency can be caused by a lack of Vitamin A?
Night blindness
What is the most common cause of blindness in the world according to the text?
Liver disease
What is the equivalent amount of beta-carotene to 1mg of retinol in the context of Vitamin A?
12mg beta-carotene
What is the primary focus of the MD140 course on Vitamins and Minerals?
The functions of vitamins and minerals in metabolism
Which category of micronutrients act as hormones according to the text?
Fat-soluble vitamins
What role do vitamins and minerals play in enzyme function?
They form prosthetic groups or co-factors for enzymes
Which type of vitamins are known to be fat-soluble based on the text?
Vitamin K
What is the importance of vitamins and minerals for cell biology according to the text?
They are important for cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and immune mechanisms
Which neurological manifestations can be seen in Vitamin B12 deficiency?
Numbness, loss of balance, confusion, mood distortion, and dementia
Which vitamin is crucial for single carbon transfer reactions and synthesis of purines and pyrimidines?
Vitamin B9
How does Vitamin B12 deficiency affect DNA synthesis?
It inhibits the conversion of folate into the active form necessary for DNA synthesis
Deficiency in which vitamin can lead to neural tube defects, low birth weight, and premature birth?
Vitamin B9
Where is Vitamin B12 mainly stored in the body?
Liver
Which vitamin deficiency can present with symptoms such as megaloblastic anemia and loss of appetite, often resembling another vitamin deficiency?
Vitamin B9
What problem may arise due to taking high doses of folate supplements in relation to Vitamin B12 deficiency?
Masking of Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms but potential neurological damage
Which vitamin is essential for methionine synthesis and plays a role in nucleic acid synthesis?
Vitamin B12
In what part of the digestive system is Vitamin B12 absorbed?
Ileum
Which vitamin is primarily found in animal products and can pose a challenge for individuals following a vegan diet?
Vitamin B12
Study Notes
Classification and Solubility of Vitamins
- Vitamins are classified as water-soluble or fat-soluble
- Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water
- Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver and fatty tissues
Vitamins and Digestive System
- Vitamin absorption is maximal in the small intestine
- Vitamin B12 is absorbed in the ileum (lower part of the small intestine)
Vitamin A
- Retinoids are a form of Vitamin A found in food sources such as sweet potatoes and carrots
- Vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, the most common cause of blindness worldwide
- 1mg of retinol is equivalent to 12mg of beta-carotene
Vitamins and Enzyme Function
- Vitamins and minerals play a crucial role in enzyme function
- Vitamins that act as hormones include Vitamin D and Vitamin A
Water-Soluble Vitamins
- Water-soluble vitamins must be regularly supplied in the diet
- Deficiencies in these vitamins can cause various health problems
Vitamin B12
- Vitamin B12 is crucial for single carbon transfer reactions and synthesis of purines and pyrimidines
- Deficiency in Vitamin B12 can lead to megaloblastic anemia, loss of appetite, and neurological manifestations
- Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products and can be a challenge for vegans
- Vitamin B12 is mainly stored in the liver
Folate and Vitamin B12
- Folate is essential for methionine synthesis and nucleic acid synthesis
- High doses of folate supplements can mask Vitamin B12 deficiency
- Deficiency in folate can lead to neural tube defects, low birth weight, and premature birth
Test your knowledge on vitamins and their absorption in the digestive system with this quiz. Questions cover the classification of vitamins, their sources in food groups, and the part of the digestive system where vitamin absorption is maximal.
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