Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) Sources and Functions

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Which of the following is the coenzyme form of vitamin B1 (thiamine)?

Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) (correct)

Niacin

Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)

Flavin mononucleotide (FMN)

What is the primary function of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)?

Fatty acid oxidation

Citric acid cycle

Coenzyme for pyruvate dehydrogenase (which converts pyruvate to acetyl CoA) (correct)

Involved in mitochondrial respiratory chain

Which of the following is a manifestation of wet (cardiac) beriberi, a deficiency of vitamin B1?

Edema and difficulty in breathing (correct)

Angular stomatitis

Glossitis

Peripheral neuropathy

Which of the following vitamins is involved in mitochondrial respiratory chain, fatty acid oxidation, and citric acid cycle?

Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a deficiency manifestation of riboflavin (vitamin B2)?

Angular stomatitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for vitamin B1 (thiamine)?

1.0–1.5 mg (directly proportional to amount of carbohydrates in the diet) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a good source of vitamin B2 (riboflavin)?

Milk and dairy products Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a manifestation of Wernicke's encephalopathy and Korsakoff's psychosis, seen in alcoholics with vitamin B1 deficiency?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) in relation to a high-protein diet?

It facilitates the metabolism and breakdown of proteins. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for folic acid (vitamin B9)?

200 μg Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of folic acid (vitamin B9)?

Regulation of blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT listed as a cause of folic acid deficiency?

Chronic kidney disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary manifestation of folic acid deficiency?

Megaloblastic anemia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a good dietary source of folic acid?

Citrus fruits Signup and view all the answers

What is the coenzyme form of folic acid?

Tetrahydrofolic acid (THFA) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of the anticancer drug methotrexate?

Folic acid deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of vitamin B12?

Meat, eggs, fish Signup and view all the answers

Which form of vitamin B12 is required for the enzyme methionine synthase?

Methylcobalamin Signup and view all the answers

What can cause a deficiency in vitamin B12 due to impaired absorption?

Lack of intrinsic factor Signup and view all the answers

Which manifestation is associated with megaloblastic anemia caused by a deficiency in vitamin B12?

Formation of megaloblasts leading to anemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a deficiency in vitamin B12 regarding homocysteine levels?

Elevated homocysteine levels Signup and view all the answers

What neurological symptoms can occur due to a deficiency in vitamin B12?

Demyelination causing peripheral neuropathy and ataxia Signup and view all the answers

What enzymatic activity does deoxyadenosylcobalamin support?

Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase activity Signup and view all the answers

What group of individuals could be at risk for vitamin B12 deficiency due to decreased intake?

Vegans and vegetarians Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)?

Synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin deficiency can lead to dermatitis and hair loss?

Vitamin B7 (biotin) deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for vitamin C in adults?

75 mg Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of vitamin C?

Synthesis of heme Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT associated with vitamin C deficiency (scurvy)?

Muscle cramps Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a good dietary source of vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the coenzyme form of vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) called?

Coenzyme A (CoA) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vitamin C in the body?

Collagen synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of NAD+ in the body?

Catabolism of carbohydrates and fats Signup and view all the answers

Which coenzyme functions more often in biosynthetic reactions like the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol?

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) Signup and view all the answers

What are the manifestations of niacin deficiency?

Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia Signup and view all the answers