Vitamin B Knowledge Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which vitamin is also known as B1?

  • Thiamin (correct)
  • Vitamin B6
  • Riboflavin
  • Niacin

    • Where is thiamin widely available?

  • Fruits and vegetables
  • Meat and poultry
  • Dairy products
  • Enriched grains (correct)

    • What is the active form of thiamin?

  • Thiamin pyrophosphate (correct)
  • Thiamin diphosphate
  • Thiamin triphosphate
  • Thiamin monophosphate

    • Which process does thiamin assist in?

    <p>Carbohydrate metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of thiamin in the body?

    <p>Essential for the production of ATP from glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the reaction that forms acetyl CoA from pyruvate and one of the citric acid cycle reactions require thiamin pyrophosphate take place?

    <p>Cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a source of thiamin?

    <p>Whole grains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of deficiency in either folate or vitamin B12?

    <p>Increased levels of homocysteine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutrient is needed to convert homocysteine to methionine?

    <p>Vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can high levels of homocysteine in the blood increase the risk of?

    <p>Cardiovascular disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutrient can lead to fatty liver if deficient?

    <p>Choline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutrient provides one-carbon units for methylation reactions?

    <p>Choline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutrient is necessary for the breakdown of fatty acids with an odd number of carbons to enter the citric acid cycle?

    <p>Vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutrient can be converted into active cobalamin coenzyme forms?

    <p>Vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids?

    <p>Vitamin B5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is required for over 100 enzyme reactions in the body, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?

    <p>Vitamin B6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is necessary for DNA synthesis and the metabolism of some amino acids?

    <p>Vitamin B9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is necessary for the proper absorption of iron and is most readily absorbed from animal products?

    <p>Vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin plays a role in the breakdown of the amino acid homocysteine, affecting the risk of cardiovascular disease?

    <p>Vitamin B6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin deficiency symptoms include poor growth, nerve problems, diarrhea, inflammation of the tongue, and anemia?

    <p>Vitamin B9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin deficiency can result in increased blood homocysteine levels, macrocytic anemia, and neurological symptoms?

    <p>Vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin deficiency can result in beriberi?

    <p>Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is important for the citric acid cycle and forms active coenzymes FAD and FMN?

    <p>Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin deficiency leads to dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia, and potentially death if untreated?

    <p>Vitamin B3 (Niacin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is enriched in the aleurone cell layer of brown rice, leading to potential deficiency in polished rice?

    <p>Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin deficiency can occur in people with malabsorption or protein-energy malnutrition and functions as a coenzyme in energy metabolism?

    <p>Vitamin B7 (Biotin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is added to enriched flours in North America and plays a crucial role in energy production and metabolism?

    <p>Vitamin B3 (Niacin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is important for the synthesis of neurotransmitters and various metabolic pathways?

    <p>Vitamin B6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vitamin B12 is necessary for maintenance of ______

    <p>myelin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    High levels of homocysteine in the blood increase the risk of ______

    <p>cardiovascular disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Choline metabolite phosphotidylcholine makes up 40-50% of cellular membranes, and 70-95% of phospholipids in lipoproteins and ______

    <p>bile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If folate or vitamin B12 is deficient, homocysteine cannot be converted to methionine, so ______ rise

    <p>levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    This form of folate, needed for the synthesis of DNA, cannot be made if vitamin B12 is ______

    <p>deficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vitamin B12 is necessary for maintenance of _______

    <p>myelin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vitamin B12 can be converted into either of two active cobalamin coenzyme forms, which function in the breakdown of fatty acids with an odd number of carbons in the chain to enter the citric acid cycle and in reactions that synthesize _______ from homocysteine

    <p>methionine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If folate or vitamin B12 is deficient, homocysteine cannot be converted to methionine, so _______ rise

    <p>homocysteine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    High levels of homocysteine in the blood increase the risk of _______ disease

    <p>cardiovascular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Choline metabolite phosphotidylcholine makes up 40-50% of cellular membranes, and 70-95% of phospholipids in lipoproteins and _______

    <p>bile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ (Vitamin B1) is enriched in the aleurone cell layer of brown rice, so polished rice lacks thiamin, leading to potential deficiency

    <p>Thiamin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ (Vitamin B2) is important for the citric acid cycle and is easily destroyed by heat and light

    <p>Riboflavin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ deficiency, called pellagra, leads to dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and potentially death if untreated

    <p>Niacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ dietary sources include liver, egg yolks, yogurt, and nuts

    <p>Biotin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B7) play key roles in energy metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and various metabolic pathways

    <p>B vitamins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vitamin B5, also known as ______, is part of the coenzyme A (CoA) molecule, essential for the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids.

    <p>Pantothenic Acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vitamin B6, also known as ______, is required for over 100 enzyme reactions in the body, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

    <p>pyridoxine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ (Vitamin B9) coenzymes are essential for DNA synthesis and the metabolism of some amino acids.

    <p>Folate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ is necessary for the proper absorption of iron and is most readily absorbed from animal products.

    <p>Vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ deficiency symptoms include depression, headaches, confusion, numbness, tingling, anemia, and poor growth.

    <p>Vitamin B6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    <p>Thiamin is widely available in foods, especially in enriched grains, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    <p>Thiamin is essential to the production of ATP from glucose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    <p>The reaction that forms acetyl CoA from pyruvate and one of the citric acid cycle reactions requires thiamin pyrophosphate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    <p>Thiamin assists in energy production, carbohydrate metabolism, the production of ribose and the health of the nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    <p>Thiamin was the first B vitamin to be identified and is also called B1.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is thiamin widely available?

    <p>Enriched grains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the active form of thiamin?

    <p>Thiamin pyrophosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the reaction that forms acetyl CoA from pyruvate and one of the citric acid cycle reactions require thiamin pyrophosphate take place?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of deficiency in thiamin?

    <p>Beriberi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process does thiamin assist in?

    <p>Energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutrient is necessary for the breakdown of fatty acids with an odd number of carbons to enter the citric acid cycle?

    <p>Vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is important for the synthesis of DNA and cannot be made if vitamin B12 is deficient?

    <p>Folate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutrient can lead to fatty liver if deficient and makes up a significant portion of cellular membranes and phospholipids?

    <p>Choline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is necessary for the proper absorption of iron and is most readily absorbed from animal products?

    <p>Vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutrient provides one-carbon units for methylation reactions and is widely distributed in foods like egg yolks, spinach, nuts, and wheat germ?

    <p>Choline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin deficiency can lead to pellagra, causing symptoms like dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and potentially death if untreated?

    <p>Vitamin B3 (Niacin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is enriched in the aleurone cell layer of brown rice, leading to potential deficiency in polished rice?

    <p>Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is important for the citric acid cycle and is easily destroyed by heat and light?

    <p>Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin functions as a coenzyme in energy metabolism, citric acid cycle, and glucose synthesis, and can occur in people with malabsorption or protein-energy malnutrition?

    <p>Vitamin B7 (Biotin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin's deficiency can result in increased blood homocysteine levels, macrocytic anemia, and neurological symptoms?

    <p>Vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Vitamin B6 found in abundance?

    <p>Chicken and pork</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids?

    <p>Vitamin B5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of low folate intake in early pregnancy?

    <p>Increased risk of neural tube defects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is necessary for over 100 enzyme reactions in the body, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?

    <p>Vitamin B6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is thiamin widely available?

    <p>Enriched grains, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the active form of thiamin?

    <p>Thiamin pyrophosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which process does thiamin assist?

    <p>Energy production and carbohydrate metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of thiamin in the body?

    <p>Assisting in the production of ATP from glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the reaction that forms acetyl CoA from pyruvate and one of the citric acid cycle reactions require thiamin pyrophosphate take place?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin plays a crucial role in the breakdown of the amino acid homocysteine, impacting the risk of cardiovascular disease?

    <p>Vitamin B6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids?

    <p>Vitamin B5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Vitamin B12 most readily absorbed from?

    <p>Animal products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is required for over 100 enzyme reactions in the body, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?

    <p>Vitamin B6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of low folate intake in early pregnancy?

    <p>Increased risk of neural tube defects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is important for the citric acid cycle and forms active coenzymes FAD and FMN?

    <p>Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin deficiency can lead to beriberi, a condition rare in North America but prevalent in Southeast Asia?

    <p>Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is added to enriched flours in North America and plays a crucial role in energy production and metabolism?

    <p>Vitamin B3 (Niacin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin functions as a coenzyme in energy metabolism, citric acid cycle, and glucose synthesis?

    <p>Vitamin B7 (Biotin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is riboflavin (Vitamin B2) found in abundance?

    <p>Dairy products and mushrooms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of deficiency in either folate or vitamin B12?

    <p>Elevated homocysteine levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutrient provides one-carbon units for methylation reactions and is widely distributed in foods like egg yolks, spinach, nuts, and wheat germ?

    <p>Choline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the active form of thiamin?

    <p>Thiamin pyrophosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is necessary for the synthesis of DNA and the metabolism of some amino acids?

    <p>Vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutrient is necessary for the synthesis of DNA and cannot be made if vitamin B12 is deficient?

    <p>Folate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is necessary for the proper absorption of iron and is most readily absorbed from animal products?

    <p>Vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin plays a role in over 100 enzyme reactions in the body, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?

    <p>Vitamin B6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is choline found in abundance?

    <p>Egg yolks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutrient deficiency can lead to fatty liver?

    <p>Choline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B7: Functions and Deficiencies

    • Thiamin (Vitamin B1) is enriched in the aleurone cell layer of brown rice, so polished rice lacks thiamin, leading to potential deficiency
    • Thiamin deficiency can result in beriberi, which is rare in North America but prevalent in Southeast Asia due to polished rice consumption
    • Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) is important for the citric acid cycle and is easily destroyed by heat and light
    • Riboflavin is found in dairy products, mushrooms, broccoli, asparagus, whole grains, red meat, poultry, and fish
    • Riboflavin forms active coenzymes FAD and FMN, crucial for energy production and vitamin conversion
    • Riboflavin deficiency symptoms include inflammation of the eyes, lips, mouth, and tongue, and is rarely seen alone
    • Niacin (Vitamin B3) is added to enriched flours in North America and plays a crucial role in energy production and metabolism
    • Niacin deficiency, called pellagra, leads to dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and potentially death if untreated
    • Biotin (Vitamin B7) functions as a coenzyme in energy metabolism, citric acid cycle, and glucose synthesis
    • Biotin deficiency is uncommon and can occur in people with malabsorption or protein-energy malnutrition
    • Biotin dietary sources include liver, egg yolks, yogurt, and nuts
    • The B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B7) play key roles in energy metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and various metabolic pathways

    Vitamins B5, B6, B9, and B12: Key Facts and Functions

    • Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) is part of the coenzyme A (CoA) molecule, essential for the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids.
    • Vitamin B5 is abundant in meat, eggs, whole grains, and legumes.
    • Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, is required for over 100 enzyme reactions in the body, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
    • Vitamin B6 is found in chicken, pork, organ meats, whole-wheat products, brown rice, soybeans, sunflower seeds, bananas, broccoli, and spinach.
    • Pyridoxal phosphate, a form of Vitamin B6, is necessary for the synthesis of hemoglobin, conversion of tryptophan to niacin, and metabolism of glycogen.
    • Vitamin B6 deficiency symptoms include depression, headaches, confusion, numbness, tingling, anemia, and poor growth.
    • Vitamin B6 plays a role in the breakdown of the amino acid homocysteine, affecting the risk of cardiovascular disease.
    • Folate (Vitamin B9) coenzymes are essential for DNA synthesis and the metabolism of some amino acids.
    • Low folate intake in early pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects.
    • Vitamin B9 deficiency symptoms include poor growth, nerve problems, diarrhea, inflammation of the tongue, and anemia.
    • Vitamin B12 is necessary for the proper absorption of iron and is most readily absorbed from animal products.
    • Vitamin B12 deficiency can result in increased blood homocysteine levels, macrocytic anemia, and neurological symptoms; deficiencies are rare due to body stores and reutilization.

    Vitamins B5, B6, B9, and B12: Key Facts and Functions

    • Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) is part of the coenzyme A (CoA) molecule, essential for the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids.
    • Vitamin B5 is abundant in meat, eggs, whole grains, and legumes.
    • Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, is required for over 100 enzyme reactions in the body, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
    • Vitamin B6 is found in chicken, pork, organ meats, whole-wheat products, brown rice, soybeans, sunflower seeds, bananas, broccoli, and spinach.
    • Pyridoxal phosphate, a form of Vitamin B6, is necessary for the synthesis of hemoglobin, conversion of tryptophan to niacin, and metabolism of glycogen.
    • Vitamin B6 deficiency symptoms include depression, headaches, confusion, numbness, tingling, anemia, and poor growth.
    • Vitamin B6 plays a role in the breakdown of the amino acid homocysteine, affecting the risk of cardiovascular disease.
    • Folate (Vitamin B9) coenzymes are essential for DNA synthesis and the metabolism of some amino acids.
    • Low folate intake in early pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects.
    • Vitamin B9 deficiency symptoms include poor growth, nerve problems, diarrhea, inflammation of the tongue, and anemia.
    • Vitamin B12 is necessary for the proper absorption of iron and is most readily absorbed from animal products.
    • Vitamin B12 deficiency can result in increased blood homocysteine levels, macrocytic anemia, and neurological symptoms; deficiencies are rare due to body stores and reutilization.

    Vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B7: Functions and Deficiencies

    • Thiamin (Vitamin B1) is enriched in the aleurone cell layer of brown rice, so polished rice lacks thiamin, leading to potential deficiency
    • Thiamin deficiency can result in beriberi, which is rare in North America but prevalent in Southeast Asia due to polished rice consumption
    • Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) is important for the citric acid cycle and is easily destroyed by heat and light
    • Riboflavin is found in dairy products, mushrooms, broccoli, asparagus, whole grains, red meat, poultry, and fish
    • Riboflavin forms active coenzymes FAD and FMN, crucial for energy production and vitamin conversion
    • Riboflavin deficiency symptoms include inflammation of the eyes, lips, mouth, and tongue, and is rarely seen alone
    • Niacin (Vitamin B3) is added to enriched flours in North America and plays a crucial role in energy production and metabolism
    • Niacin deficiency, called pellagra, leads to dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and potentially death if untreated
    • Biotin (Vitamin B7) functions as a coenzyme in energy metabolism, citric acid cycle, and glucose synthesis
    • Biotin deficiency is uncommon and can occur in people with malabsorption or protein-energy malnutrition
    • Biotin dietary sources include liver, egg yolks, yogurt, and nuts
    • The B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B7) play key roles in energy metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and various metabolic pathways

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the functions and deficiencies of vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B7 with this informative quiz. Learn about the importance of these vitamins in energy production, metabolism, and overall health, as well as the potential consequences of their deficiencies.

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