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Questions and Answers
What is the result of the deficiency in cystathionase?
What is the pathway of thyroxine formation?
What is the main symptom of Homocystinuria?
What is the result of the deficiency in cystathionine synthase?
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What is the name of the pathway that involves the formation of thyroxine?
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What is the name of the disease characterized by the accumulation of homocysteine in the urine?
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What is the main pathway of tryptophan?
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What is the result of the deficiency in cystathionase?
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What is the symptom of Homocystinuria that affects the eyes?
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What is the name of the enzyme that breaks down cystathionine?
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Study Notes
Vitamin Deficiencies
- Vitamin B6 deficiency leads to a decrease in GABA production
- Vitamin C is necessary for the synthesis of collagen through its interaction with proline hydroxylase
- Hydroxylysine is involved in the synthesis of collagen
Tyrosine Metabolism
- Tyrosine can undergo transamination to form p-hydroxyphenyl pyruvic acid
- p-Hydroxyphenyl pyruvic acid is converted to homogentisic acid by p-hydroxyphenyl pyruvic acid hydroxylase
- Homogentisic acid is then acted upon by homogentisic acid oxygenase
- A congenital deficiency of p-hydroxyphenyl pyruvic acid hydroxylase leads to Tyrosinosis
- A congenital deficiency of homogentisic acid oxygenase leads to Alkaptonuria
- Dopa can be converted to melanin through the formation of dopachrome
- Melanin is a brown or black pigment that protects the skin against ultraviolet rays
Albinism
- Characterized by very white skin, fine white hair, and pink or light blue irises
- No treatment available
Neurotransmitters
- Dopamine and norepinephrine are neurotransmitters
Thyroxine Pathway
- Tyrosine is iodinated in the thyroid gland to form diiodotyrosine
- Two molecules of diiodotyrosine condense together to form thyroxine
Phenol Pathway
- No detailed information provided
Amino Acid Disorders
- Cystathioninuria: accumulation of cystathionine and its metabolites due to a deficiency in cystathionase
- Homocystinuria: disease caused by a deficiency in cystathionine synthase, leading to accumulation of homocysteine in the urine
- Symptoms of Homocystinuria: mental retardation, osteoporosis, myocardial infarction, and dislocation of the lens
Tryptophan Metabolism
- Nicotinic acid pathway: the main and most important pathway of tryptophan
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Description
This quiz covers the effects of vitamin deficiencies on metabolic pathways, including the synthesis of collagen and the metabolism of tyrosine.
