Visual Perception Overview

Perception based on data received from the stimulus. Analysis starts with the sensory input.

Perception influenced by previous knowledge. It uses existing knowledge to interpret sensory information.

The process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensory information to create meaningful experiences of the world.

A theory of visual perception suggesting features of an object influence how we recognize it.

A theory proposing that recognition is based on the structural description of an object, not just the individual features.

Framework for understanding how elements combine to create unified objects in perception. Focuses on the whole rather than parts.

Process of understanding through sight.

The conversion of physical stimulus energy, like light, into electrical signals that the brain can process.

A theory proposing that perception involves two stages: a preattentive stage where features are processed separately, and a focused attention stage where these features are combined to form an object.

The initial stage of perception where individual features (like color or shape) are processed independently and in parallel.

The later stage of perception where attention combines the separate features from the preattentive stage to form a complete object.

Incorrect combinations of features from different stimuli, occurring when attention is insufficient to properly integrate features.

Features (like color, shape) that exist independently and separately in the preattentive stage of perception.

A theory of object perception that suggests recognizing objects by analyzing their component features first, and then combining them.

A theory suggesting that we recognize 3D objects by identifying their component parts (geons).

Objects that are easily recognized when presented within a meaningful scene or context.

Objects that are harder to recognize when presented within an inappropriate or unfamiliar scene context.

An experiment demonstrating the effect of context on object recognition.

A model that explains how we recognize letters by analyzing their component features.

A model for letter recognition that detects the activated letter unit to determine the letter present.

An experiment conducted to determine how quickly people locate a target among distractors based on their shared features.

The ease with which a target letter can be located in a visual search, due to a noticeable difference in features.

Features present in both the target and distractor items, making it difficult to isolate the target and slow down visual search.

A process of quickly locating a specific target within a group of items.

The difference in features between a target and a distractor.

The process of activating specific letter units to determine the present letter.

Objects close together are perceived as a group.

Objects moving in the same direction are perceived as a group.

Objects that form familiar patterns are perceived as a group.

Incomplete figures are perceived as complete, filling in missing parts.

Objects are perceived as separate from their background.

The process by which our brains group sensory information, organizing elements of the environment into meaningful objects, patterns, and scenes.

A school of psychology that emphasizes the whole is greater than the sum of its parts, focusing on how perception is organized through principles like similarity, proximity, and closure.

This principle states that the simplest and most stable interpretation of a visual scene is preferred.

Similar objects or elements tend to be seen as belonging together.

Our minds tend to perceive lines or patterns as continuing even when interrupted, following the smoothest path.

Objects that are close together are perceived as belonging together.

If objects move in the same direction, they are perceived as belonging together.

Incomplete figures are perceived as complete, filling in missing information to create a whole object.