Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Living or Non-Living?
33 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic that viruses do NOT have?

  • The ability to be killed
  • The ability to have some properties of life
  • The ability to maintain homeostasis (correct)
  • The ability to crystallize

    • What is a similarity between viruses and living things?

  • The ability to crystallize
  • The ability to maintain homeostasis
  • The possession of some properties of life (correct)
  • The ability to be killed

    • What can be done to viruses?

  • Make them reproduce
  • Kill them (correct)
  • Provide them with shelter
  • Give them food

    • What is a difference between viruses and living things?

    <p>Viruses lack the ability to maintain homeostasis, but living things do not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of what can be done to viruses?

    <p>Crystallizing them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the debate about viruses?

    <p>Whether they are living or non-living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of viruses in terms of life?

    <p>They are considered non-living entities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from living cells?

    <p>Their inability to replicate on their own</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between viruses and their host cells?

    <p>Viruses are dependent on their host cells for reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between viruses and other microorganisms?

    <p>Their ability to reproduce independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the host cell during the viral replication process?

    <p>It undergoes lysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of tail fibers in viruses?

    <p>To attach to the host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the release of new virions from the host cell?

    <p>The host cell is destroyed and new virions are released</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phage penetrate to inject its DNA?

    <p>Cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the phage penetrating the host cell?

    <p>The phage's DNA is injected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the host cell in the viral replication process?

    <p>To provide a site for viral replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of the viral replication process?

    <p>The destruction of the host cell and release of new virions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is released into the bloodstream from the liver?

    <p>Merozoites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the tail core?

    <p>To penetrate the host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of maturation?

    <p>Viral components are assembled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the sheath?

    <p>To contract and inject DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final stage of the viral lifecycle?

    <p>Release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that contains the viral DNA?

    <p>Capsid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the contractile tail in bacteriophages?

    <p>To attach to the host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses?

    <p>To transcribe viral RNA into DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of viroids?

    <p>They are single-stranded RNA molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a retrovirus infecting a cell?

    <p>The cell produces viral proteins and RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the lytic cycle?

    <p>To release new viruses into the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the capsid in a virus?

    <p>To protect the viral genome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of prions?

    <p>They are infectious proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the host cell in the lytic cycle?

    <p>To provide a location for viral replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of a virus infecting a cell?

    <p>The cell lyses and releases new viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the bacteriophage tail fibers?

    <p>To attach to the host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

    • Viruses are both living and non-living, having some properties of life but not others
    • They can be killed and even crystallized like table salt
    • However, they can't maintain a constant internal state (homeostasis)

    Characteristics of Viruses

    • Contain RNA or DNA genome
    • Have a protein coat (capsid) that protects the genome
    • Can inject their genome into a host cell
    • Can be killed with disinfectants or heat
    • Can be crystallized like table salt
    • Can't maintain a constant internal state (homeostasis)

    Retroviruses

    • Contain RNA, not DNA
    • Contain the enzyme reverse transcriptase
    • Can inject their RNA and reverse transcriptase into a host cell
    • Can convert their RNA into DNA using reverse transcriptase
    • Examples include HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and feline leukemia virus

    Viroids and Prions

    • Viroids are small, circular RNA molecules that infect plants
    • Prions are infectious proteins that can cause diseases such as mad cow disease and kuru
    • Prions are normal body proteins that get converted into an alternate configuration by contact with other prion proteins
    • They have no DNA or RNA, and the main protein involved is called PrP

    Viral Replication

    • Viruses are very specific as to which species they attack
    • Humans rarely share viral diseases with other animals
    • Eukaryotic viruses usually have protective envelopes made of membrane from the host cell
    • The lytic cycle of viral replication involves attachment, penetration, replication, assembly, and release of new viruses

    Bacteriophage Replication

    • Bacteriophage inject their nucleic acid into the bacterial cell
    • They lyse (break open) the bacterial cell when replication is finished
    • The process involves attachment, penetration, replication, assembly, and release of new phages

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Explore the fascinating world of viruses, viroids, and prions. Are they living or non-living? Take this quiz to find out more about these microscopic entities.

    More Like This

    General Virology Quiz
    5 questions

    General Virology Quiz

    BestSellingSunset avatar
    BestSellingSunset
    Microbiology Bt Bio 311 Lecture 6: Virology
    26 questions

    Microbiology Bt Bio 311 Lecture 6: Virology

    TriumphalSwaneeWhistle avatar
    TriumphalSwaneeWhistle
    Virology Fundamentals
    36 questions

    Virology Fundamentals

    JovialCyclops avatar
    JovialCyclops
    Virology Quiz Questions
    51 questions

    Virology Quiz Questions

    MasterfulOliveTree avatar
    MasterfulOliveTree
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser