Micro-organisms: Basic structure and general characteristics

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which group of micro-organisms can be autotrophic or heterotrophic?

  • Protists (correct)
  • Bacteria
  • Fungi
  • Viruses

What is primarily responsible for decomposing dead organic matter in ecosystems?

  • Algae
  • Bacteria (correct)
  • Protozoa
  • Viruses

Which micro-organisms are known for forming mutualistic relationships with plants and animals?

  • Fungi
  • Bacteria (correct)
  • Algae
  • Protozoa

What is the fundamental difference between the basic structures of Protists and Fungi?

<p>Protists have chitin cell walls, while Fungi do not. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of micro-organisms are mostly responsible for fixing atmospheric nitrogen for plant use?

<p>Bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common method of reproduction in Protists?

<p>Conjugation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the nutritional mode of Protists from Fungi?

<p>Protists are autotrophic, while Fungi are heterotrophic. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of movement is common among Protists?

<p>Movement through cilia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do bacteria and fungi play in ecosystems?

<p>Decomposers aiding in nutrient cycling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which micro-organisms are essential components of the nitrogen cycle?

<p>Bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference in structure between viruses and bacteria?

<p>Bacteria have a cell wall, plasma membrane, and nucleoid while viruses lack cellular organelles. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is unique to viruses?

<p>Exhibit characteristics of both living and non-living things. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of size, how do viruses compare to bacteria?

<p>Viruses are typically between 20 – 300 nm while bacteria are larger and observable with light microscopes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about virus reproduction?

<p>Viruses rely entirely on host cells for reproduction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental difference in the nature of viruses and bacteria?

<p>Viruses can become dormant outside host cells while bacteria cannot. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by viruses and bacteria?

<p>Reproduction primarily through binary fission. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular feature is present in bacteria but absent in viruses?

<p>Nucleoid where genetic material resides. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the sizes of viruses and bacteria?

<p>Bacteria are typically between 20 – 300 nm while viruses are larger. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of organism is unable to perform metabolic processes independently?

<p>Viruses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microorganism exhibits characteristics of both living and non-living things?

<p>Viruses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical size range of viruses?

<p>20 - 300 nm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organism primarily reproduces through binary fission?

<p>Bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organism possesses a protein coat called a capsid?

<p>Viruses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organism can become dormant outside host cells?

<p>Viruses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organism can be autotrophic or heterotrophic?

<p>Bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organism is an obligate parasite requiring a host for replication?

<p>Viruses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organism typically possesses flagella for movement?

<p>Bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organism is commonly responsible for causing diseases in various organisms including humans?

<p>Viruses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of Fungi's cell structure?

<p>Complex cell structure with chitin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of micro-organisms can exhibit movement through cilia, flagella, or pseudopodia?

<p>Protists (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reproduction is common among Fungi?

<p>Both sexual and asexual reproduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which micro-organisms are producers in food chains by synthesizing their own food via photosynthesis?

<p>Cyanobacteria and algae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary nutritional mode of Fungi?

<p>Heterotrophic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which micro-organisms play essential roles in decomposing dead organisms in ecosystems?

<p>Bacteria and fungi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way do bacteria contribute to the nitrogen cycle?

<p>By fixing atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of micro-organisms forms mutualistic relationships with plants and animals?

<p>Bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Protists from Fungi in terms of basic structure?

<p>Being mostly unicellular (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between the nutritional modes of Protists and Fungi?

<p>Ability of Protists for photosynthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the reproductive capabilities of Protists from Fungi?

<p>Protists reproduce sexually and asexually, while Fungi only reproduce asexually. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of micro-organisms plays a critical role in the nitrogen cycle by fixing atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms for plants?

<p>Cyanobacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of habitat, where are most Protists found?

<p>Mostly aquatic environments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor primarily differentiates the cell walls of Protists and Fungi?

<p>Chitin composition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common method of movement among Protists?

<p>Movement through flagella (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily distinguishes the nutritional mode of Protists from Fungi?

<p>Protists are autotrophic while Fungi are heterotrophic. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ecological role is NOT typically associated with micro-organisms like bacteria and fungi?

<p>Producers in food chains (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microorganism can exhibit movement through cilia, flagella, or pseudopodia?

<p>Protists (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of micro-organisms forms mutualistic relationships with plants and animals?

<p>Bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organism can be autotrophic or heterotrophic?

<p>Bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of micro-organisms are mostly responsible for fixing atmospheric nitrogen for plant use?

<p>Bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental difference in the nature of viruses and bacteria?

<p>Viruses are obligate parasites requiring a host for replication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of movement is common among Protists?

<p>Cilia, flagella, or pseudopodia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily responsible for decomposing dead organic matter in ecosystems?

<p>Fungi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which micro-organisms are known for forming mutualistic relationships with plants and animals?

<p>Bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way do bacteria contribute to the nitrogen cycle?

<p>By fixing atmospheric nitrogen for plant use (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is unique to viruses?

<p>Exhibiting characteristics of both living and non-living things (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which micro-organisms are capable of sexual reproduction and can exhibit movement through pseudopodia?

<p>Protists (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of micro-organisms is primarily responsible for breaking down dead organic matter through saprotrophic nutrition?

<p>Fungi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which micro-organisms are typically involved in mutualistic relationships with plants, enhancing host nutrition and immunity?

<p>Rhizobia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which micro-organisms play a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle by decomposing organic matter back into atmospheric nitrogen?

<p>Denitrifying bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which micro-organisms are unicellular, and their cell walls are composed of chitin?

<p>Yeasts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of micro-organisms reproduces asexually through spores and sexually through gamete fusion?

<p>Fungi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which micro-organisms are known to synthesize their own food through photosynthesis, forming the base of aquatic food chains?

<p>Protists (e.g., algae) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which micro-organisms can be found in both freshwater and marine habitats and exhibit different nutritional modes?

<p>Protists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which micro-organisms are capable of both sexual and asexual reproduction and can exhibit movement through cilia or flagella?

<p>Protists (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of micro-organisms forms mutualistic relationships with animals, enhancing host nutrition and overall health?

<p>Gut microbiota (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference in the nature of viruses and bacteria?

<p>Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotes, while viruses are acellular entities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by viruses and bacteria?

<p>Reproduce through binary fission. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of organism possesses a protein coat called a capsid?

<p>Viruses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ecological role is NOT typically associated with micro-organisms like bacteria and fungi?

<p>Photosynthesis in green plants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of organism is unable to perform metabolic processes independently?

<p>Viruses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental difference between the basic structures of Protists and Fungi?

<p>Fungi have a cell wall made of cellulose, while Protists have a cell wall made of chitin. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about virus reproduction?

<p>Viruses rely on host cells for reproduction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of habitat, where are most Protists found?

<p>In freshwater and marine environments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organism can be autotrophic or heterotrophic?

<p>Bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary difference between the nutritional modes of Protists and Fungi?

<p>Protists are primarily autotrophic, while Fungi are primarily heterotrophic. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

More Like This

Oncogenesis and Viral Proteins
81 questions

Oncogenesis and Viral Proteins

LawAbidingGreatWallOfChina avatar
LawAbidingGreatWallOfChina
Вируси и нивната градба
10 questions
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser