Virus Replication Cycle

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What is the primary mechanism of penetration for non-enveloped viruses?

Receptor-mediated endocytosis (correct)

Direct injection of nucleic acid

Membrane fusion at the cell surface

Viral protein-mediated lysis

What is the role of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in dsRNA viruses?

To translate mRNA into protein

To replicate the genome (correct)

To convert dsRNA to ssRNA

To induce the formation of membrane-protected replication complexes

Where do dsDNA viruses typically replicate their genome?

In the host cell nucleus (correct)

In the viral capsid

In the endosome

In the host cell cytoplasm

What is the function of holins in viral replication?

To attack peptidoglycan/membrane (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of release for enveloped viruses?

Budding from the host cell membrane (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of membrane-protected replication complexes?

To concentrate viral components for assembly (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the flow of information for dsDNA viruses?

dsDNA - mRNA - protein (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of anti-sense/negative sense RNA?

It cannot be translated into protein by the ribosome (D) Signup and view all the answers

Where does bacteriophage assembly typically occur?

In the host cell cytoplasm (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the requirement for ssDNA viruses to replicate?

To convert ssDNA to dsDNA (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the receptor mediated endocytosis in viral replication?

To initiate the uncoating of the nucleocapsid (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of viruses requires the use of virally encoded enzymes to replicate their genome?

RNA viruses (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the replication of dsDNA and ssDNA viruses?

The conversion of ssDNA to dsDNA (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of immune evasion used by membrane-protected replication complexes?

Hiding from the host cell's immune system (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of viral proteins in the budding of enveloped viruses?

To place viral proteins into the host membrane (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of mRNA in viral replication?

It is a positive sense RNA molecule (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of penetration for enveloped viruses?

Membrane fusion at the cell surface (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the assembly of non-enveloped viruses?

It occurs in the cytoplasm (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of nucleocapsid binding to viral proteins in enveloped viruses?

To acquire the viral envelope (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of viral protein attack on peptidoglycan/membrane in viral replication?

The lysis of the host cell (A) Signup and view all the answers