Virus Isolation Techniques in Biology

Aseptic techniques minimize contamination during sample collection, ensuring accurate virus isolation.

Freshly collected samples from living or recently deceased animals improve the chances of isolating viable viruses.

Samples should be taken from areas where the virus is known to target or replicate, increasing the likelihood of detection.

Representative sampling ensures a balanced representation of the population, providing a realistic picture of viral prevalence.

The presence of characteristic symptoms can provide clues about the infection, even before laboratory confirmation.

Specific lesions found after death can help diagnose certain viral infections.

Direct detection methods identify the virus itself through its antigens or nucleic acids.

Indirect methods detect antibodies produced by the host's immune system in response to the virus.

The ability of a virus to infect specific tissues or cell types.

A virus that replicates best in the stomach, typically in an acidic environment.

A virus that prefers to replicate in the nervous system.

Viral replication is influenced by the pH of the environment, with some viruses preferring acidic conditions and others alkaline conditions.

Viral replication is influenced by the presence of certain metabolites, like catecholamines in nervous tissues. This indicates a specific environment for virus multiplication.

The process of collecting, preserving, and transporting samples for viral testing. This ensures the samples remain suitable for analysis.

Storage temperatures for viral samples depend on the type of virus, the duration of preservation, and the technique being used.

A method of preserving viral samples for long-term storage by dehydrating a frozen suspension under high pressure and low temperature.

A single virus particle, when introduced into a compatible host, is capable of multiplying and causing a characteristic disease

The process of cultivating viruses in a laboratory environment to gain a continuous supply for research and production

The primary biological method used for virus cultivation before cell cultures became widely available

The inoculation of different viruses into specific sites within the developing embryo

Use of embryonated chicken eggs for growing viruses to produce vaccines and diagnostic reagents

Presence of maternally-derived antibodies within eggs, potentially hindering virus growth

Infections present in eggs from the parent bird, interfering with virus isolation and propagation

Eggs that are specifically bred and raised without known pathogens, ensuring reliable virus isolation and vaccine production

A fertilized egg used to grow viruses in a controlled environment, providing a cost-effective and practical method for virus propagation and study.

Intravenous injection of the virus suspension directly into the amniotic sac of the developing embryo.

Injection of the virus suspension into the allantoic cavity, a fluid-filled sac that aids in gas exchange.

Injection of the virus suspension onto the chorioallantoic membrane, a thin membrane that allows for gas exchange in the embryo.

Circumscribed, rounded, elevated foci developed on the surface of chorioallantoic membranes as a result of virus multiplication. They can vary in size, color, and distribution depending on the virus.

A technique used in virology to cultivate viruses by providing a controlled environment for viral growth and multiplication. This method helps with the isolation, identification, and propagation of viruses.

Cell cultures play a crucial role in virology, helping to identify and characterize viruses. This process also aids in the development of vaccines and antiviral therapies.

The use of cell culture in virology enables scientists to efficiently isolate and propagate viruses. By understanding the growth patterns and characteristics of different viruses in cell culture, it becomes easier to identify, classify, and develop effective treatments for them.

Sterile, transparent containers for cell growth and maintenance. Come in various sizes and materials like glass and plastic.

A type of tissue culture vessel commonly used for growing cells in a laboratory. They come in various sizes with different surface areas to hold different volumes of cell culture medium.

These are small, sterile containers designed to preserve cells by freezing them at very low temperatures.

This specialized solution helps detach cells from their growing surface, allowing for cell harvesting or subculture.

A liquid that provides the essential nutrients and conditions for cells to survive and multiply outside of the body.

A type of tissue culture vessel made of glass, reusable, and typically used for large-scale cell cultures.

A type of cell culture vessel used to grow cells in a controlled environment. Offers open and closed system options with variable ventilation.

A type of cell culture vessel that allows cells to grow in a rolling, continuous motion, ideal for cultivating cells that require a high surface area for growth.

Sterile technique used to minimize contamination during tissue culture preparation, ensuring a clean environment for cell growth.

A process where minced tissue is treated with trypsin to separate individual cells.

The inactivation of trypsin by adding fetal calf serum, preventing further cell damage.

A specialized solution used to provide nutrients and growth factors for cells in culture.

A device used to count cells in a suspension, allowing for accurate quantification of cell numbers.

The centrifugal force applied to separate cells from the supernatant, forming a pellet at the bottom of the tube.

Removing the liquid portion (supernatant) from a cell suspension, leaving the pelleted cells behind.

The process of resuspending pelleted cells in fresh growth medium, preparing them for further culturing.