Podcast
Questions and Answers
What characteristic of viruses contributes to their classification as non-living pathogens?
What characteristic of viruses contributes to their classification as non-living pathogens?
- They are acellular (correct)
- Their unique type of cells
- Their ability to synthesize only some of their own components
- Their extremely small size
How do viruses compare to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
How do viruses compare to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
- They have similar metabolic processes
- They lack genetic material
- They lack proteins
- They are generally smaller (correct)
In the scenario described, what type of infectious agent is indicated by the presence of RNA and protein but no carbohydrates or lipids?
In the scenario described, what type of infectious agent is indicated by the presence of RNA and protein but no carbohydrates or lipids?
- Bacteria
- Fungi
- Viroids
- Prions (correct)
What happens when a virus has an envelope?
What happens when a virus has an envelope?
In the given pictures, which one shows an icosahedral enveloped virus with spikes?
In the given pictures, which one shows an icosahedral enveloped virus with spikes?
What must all viruses do with their genome to produce ____, used by the host cell to produce ____?
What must all viruses do with their genome to produce ____, used by the host cell to produce ____?
What do retroviruses use reverse transcriptase for?
What do retroviruses use reverse transcriptase for?
If a newly-discovered double-stranded RNA virus has a unique enzyme synthesizing double-stranded RNA using an RNA template, what is likely true?
If a newly-discovered double-stranded RNA virus has a unique enzyme synthesizing double-stranded RNA using an RNA template, what is likely true?
What contributes to viral genome evolution?
What contributes to viral genome evolution?
Which property is currently not used to classify viruses?
Which property is currently not used to classify viruses?
Which event occurs during lysogenic replication of bacteriophage but not during lytic replication?
Which event occurs during lysogenic replication of bacteriophage but not during lytic replication?
Which process during lytic replication of bacteriophage uses factors from the host cell?
Which process during lytic replication of bacteriophage uses factors from the host cell?
What is a characteristic of viruses that infect many different tissue types?
What is a characteristic of viruses that infect many different tissue types?
Which suffix denotes the 'family' level of classification for viruses?
Which suffix denotes the 'family' level of classification for viruses?
In influenza virus, antigenic drift is characterized by what type of change in HA or NA spikes?
In influenza virus, antigenic drift is characterized by what type of change in HA or NA spikes?
Which description does not match antigenic shift in the influenza virus?
Which description does not match antigenic shift in the influenza virus?
Which viral family and its associated disease contains single-stranded+ RNA and reverse transcriptase?
Which viral family and its associated disease contains single-stranded+ RNA and reverse transcriptase?
All these are DNA viruses except which one?
All these are DNA viruses except which one?
Which prion disease can be acquired by eating beef contaminated with a cattle prion?
Which prion disease can be acquired by eating beef contaminated with a cattle prion?
How would the SARS-CoV2 virion structure be best described?
How would the SARS-CoV2 virion structure be best described?
Which viral family contains single-stranded, positive-sense, nonsegmented RNA?
Which viral family contains single-stranded, positive-sense, nonsegmented RNA?
What is the human receptor protein for the SARS-CoV2 virus?
What is the human receptor protein for the SARS-CoV2 virus?
What type of viral infection is indicated by a patient presenting with fever, sore throat, and lesions that resolve but recur two months later?
What type of viral infection is indicated by a patient presenting with fever, sore throat, and lesions that resolve but recur two months later?
How do convalescent antibodies help treat patients with serious COVID-19 cases?
How do convalescent antibodies help treat patients with serious COVID-19 cases?
Both viruses and prokaryotes reproduce by:
Both viruses and prokaryotes reproduce by:
Which term refers to the number of species that a specific virus can infect?
Which term refers to the number of species that a specific virus can infect?
In viral infections, what is the role of tropism?
In viral infections, what is the role of tropism?
How do naked viruses typically exit animal host cells?
How do naked viruses typically exit animal host cells?
What occurs in persistent viral infections?
What occurs in persistent viral infections?
What is the primary difference between lytic and lysogenic bacteriophage replication?
What is the primary difference between lytic and lysogenic bacteriophage replication?
Which procedure is used to detect both viral antigens and patient antibodies to a virus?
Which procedure is used to detect both viral antigens and patient antibodies to a virus?
What do antiviral drugs primarily target in viral replication?
What do antiviral drugs primarily target in viral replication?
Why do new influenza vaccines need to be formulated annually?
Why do new influenza vaccines need to be formulated annually?
What term describes major genetic reassortment in influenza viruses?
What term describes major genetic reassortment in influenza viruses?
Which stage in viral infection involves the entrance of only the genome into a host cell?
Which stage in viral infection involves the entrance of only the genome into a host cell?
What is the probable explanation when a plate is completely clear after incubation with a liquid suspension of bacteriophage and host bacteria?
What is the probable explanation when a plate is completely clear after incubation with a liquid suspension of bacteriophage and host bacteria?
What does the plaque assay primarily determine?
What does the plaque assay primarily determine?
Which test works by detecting viral nucleic acid?
Which test works by detecting viral nucleic acid?
What should be considered about using an agglutination test for HIV antibodies one week after a high-risk behavior?
What should be considered about using an agglutination test for HIV antibodies one week after a high-risk behavior?
What is a major challenge in developing effective antiviral drugs with minimal side effects?
What is a major challenge in developing effective antiviral drugs with minimal side effects?
Prions are:
Prions are:
What is likely when a plate remains clear after incubation with a bacteriophage and host bacteria?
What is likely when a plate remains clear after incubation with a bacteriophage and host bacteria?
What is a key challenge in developing antiviral drugs?
What is a key challenge in developing antiviral drugs?
What is a limitation of using agglutination tests for viral infections?
What is a limitation of using agglutination tests for viral infections?
What characterizes prions?
What characterizes prions?
What stage of animal virus replication may be blocked by a drug that binds with the viral spike?
What stage of animal virus replication may be blocked by a drug that binds with the viral spike?
Which part of viral replication is being blocked by the lack of a receptor in individuals with a genetic mutation?
Which part of viral replication is being blocked by the lack of a receptor in individuals with a genetic mutation?
What type of viral infection is demonstrated by a graph showing periods of active replication alternating with periods of dormancy?
What type of viral infection is demonstrated by a graph showing periods of active replication alternating with periods of dormancy?
Which statement is not true about chronic persistent viral infections?
Which statement is not true about chronic persistent viral infections?
What stage of viral replication involves penetration via endocytosis?
What stage of viral replication involves penetration via endocytosis?
In which stage of animal virus replication will not be different between naked and enveloped viruses?
In which stage of animal virus replication will not be different between naked and enveloped viruses?
Which is not true about oncogenic viruses?
Which is not true about oncogenic viruses?
Which cancer type is not linked to a specific virus?
Which cancer type is not linked to a specific virus?
During a lysogenic infection, what happens to the phage DNA?
During a lysogenic infection, what happens to the phage DNA?
What enzyme breaks down the host cell wall to release the bacteriophage?
What enzyme breaks down the host cell wall to release the bacteriophage?
How can an antiviral drug target the uncoating step of viral replication?
How can an antiviral drug target the uncoating step of viral replication?
Which drug family targets replication by preventing viral nucleic acids from being replicated or transcribed?
Which drug family targets replication by preventing viral nucleic acids from being replicated or transcribed?
What is one characteristic shared by prions and misfolded proteins in neurodegenerative disorders?
What is one characteristic shared by prions and misfolded proteins in neurodegenerative disorders?
How does a prophage pass down to bacterium's daughter cells?
How does a prophage pass down to bacterium's daughter cells?
Which step of viral replication involves preventing mature virions from being put together?
Which step of viral replication involves preventing mature virions from being put together?
Why are Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and ALS considered 'prion-like' diseases according to recent medical research?
Why are Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and ALS considered 'prion-like' diseases according to recent medical research?
What is the role of enfuviritide in combating viral replication?
What is the role of enfuviritide in combating viral replication?
What is a mechanism shared between nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and ribavirin in targeting viral replication?
What is a mechanism shared between nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and ribavirin in targeting viral replication?
