Virus Infection and Cell Tropism

10 Questions

The presence of the appropriate receptor on the cell surface

By inhalation, ingestion, sexual intercourse, or inoculation through the skin or mucous membranes

The virus replicates initially at the site of entry and then spreads throughout the body

The time from exposure to an organism to the onset of clinical disease

They replicate locally initially, then enter nerve endings and travel up the axon to infect the central nervous system.

Inhalation, ingestion, sexual intercourse, or inoculation through the skin or mucous membranes

Presence of the appropriate receptor on the cell surface

Virus replicates initially at the site of entry, then enters the blood or lymphatics and spreads throughout the body

Transplacental transmission

Incubation period

Study Notes

The major factor that controls which cell type a virus can infect is the presence of specific receptors on the surface of the host cell.
Viruses enter the body through various routes, including respiratory, gastrointestinal, and skin/mucous membrane portals.
A disseminated infection occurs when a virus spreads through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, allowing it to infect multiple cells and organs.
The incubation period defines the time from exposure to an organism to the onset of clinical disease, during which the virus multiplies and causes infection.
Viruses can cause infection in the central nervous system by crossing the blood-brain barrier or through direct neural transmission.
Viruses gain entry into the body through various means, including respiratory droplets, contaminated food and water, and vector transmission (e.g., mosquito bites).
The vertical transmission of infection from a mother to her fetus can occur through the placenta, particularly during pregnancy, if the mother is infected with a virus.
The incubation period is the time between exposure to a virus and the onset of symptoms, during which the virus replicates and causes disease.

10 Questions