T Cell Adaptive Immune Response in Virus Infection

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What is the primary role of antibodies in eliminating a viral infection?

Antibodies stimulate the production of cytotoxic T cells to kill infected cells

Antibodies activate the complement system to lyse virus-infected cells

Antibodies neutralize the virus and prevent it from infecting cells (correct)

Antibodies block the virus from entering host cells

How do cytotoxic T cells help eliminate virus-infected cells?

Cytotoxic T cells stimulate the complement system to lyse infected cells

Cytotoxic T cells produce antibodies that neutralize the virus

Cytotoxic T cells block the virus from entering host cells

Cytotoxic T cells release cytotoxic factors that cause lysis or apoptosis of infected cells (correct)

What is the role of memory B and T cells in a secondary viral infection?

Memory cells quickly recognize the virus and mount a rapid and robust immune response to eliminate the infection (correct)

Memory cells stimulate the production of new B and T cells to fight the infection

Memory cells activate the complement system to lyse virus-infected cells

Memory cells block the virus from entering host cells

How do some viruses evade the immune system?

Viruses can produce complement control proteins that inhibit the activation of the complement system Signup and view all the answers

How do some viruses inhibit apoptosis in infected cells?

Viruses can produce proteins that block the activation of caspases, which are essential for apoptosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of immunosuppressive factors in viral infections?

Immunosuppressive factors can inhibit the activation and function of T cells, weakening the adaptive immune response against the virus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of natural killer (NK) cells in the immune response against viral infections?

NK cells recognize and kill infected cells by detecting changes in their surface molecules. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in eliminating viral infections?

APCs capture viral antigens, process them, and present them to T cells to activate the adaptive immune response. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key function of activated natural killer (NK) cells in the immune response against viral infections?

Releasing cytotoxic granules containing perforin and granzymes to induce apoptosis in target cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of cytokines produced by activated natural killer (NK) cells in the immune response against viral infections?

Cytokines like IFN-γ, TNF-α, and interleukins enhance antiviral activity and stimulate inflammation. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key function of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the adaptive immune response against viral infections?

APCs capture viral antigens, process them, and present them to T cells to activate the adaptive immune response. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the adaptive immune response in eliminating viral infections?

The adaptive immune response, driven by T cells and B cells, helps to eliminate virus-infected cells and neutralize viral particles. Signup and view all the answers

How do viral anti-apoptotic proteins inhibit apoptosis in infected cells?

By blocking caspase activation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of adenovirus proteins in inhibiting apoptosis in infected cells?

Disrupting mitochondrial membrane integrity Signup and view all the answers

How do some viruses interfere with immune cell function to reduce cytokine production?

Inducing apoptosis in immune cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of viral complement control proteins on the apoptotic machinery?

Preventing caspase activation Signup and view all the answers

How does Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) impact immune cells?

Induces immune cell apoptosis Signup and view all the answers

What role do some viruses play in interfering with mitochondrial pathways to prevent apoptosis?