Virginia Plan Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of these features was proposed by both the New Jersey and Hamilton Plans?

  • A system of checks and balances
  • Equal state representation in the legislature
  • A strong executive branch with veto power (correct)
  • A bicameral legislature

    • How did the Hamilton Plan propose to address state sovereignty?

  • By granting states considerable autonomy in governing internal affairs
  • By subordinating state laws to federal laws and appointing state governors (correct)
  • By allowing states to maintain their own armed forces
  • By giving states the power to veto federal legislation

    • What was the primary objective of the Virginia Plan regarding the Articles of Confederation?

  • To retain the existing structure of the Articles while strengthening its authority. (correct)
  • To abolish the Articles and establish an entirely new framework for government.
  • To create a system of dual sovereignty where both state and national governments have equal power.
  • To replace the Articles with a series of individual state charters.

    • According to the Virginia Plan, how was the national executive to be selected?

    <p>Election by the national legislature. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the Senate play in the Hamilton Plan?

    <p>It was appointed for life and had the authority to declare war and confirm appointments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the Virginia Plan from the New Jersey Plan in terms of legislative structure?

    <p>The Virginia Plan advocated for a bicameral legislature with representation based on population, while the New Jersey Plan proposed a single-chamber legislature with equal state representation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism did the Hamilton Plan propose for removing officials from office?

    <p>Impeachment by the Assembly, followed by trial by judges from superior courts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these powers is NOT a proposed power of the national legislature according to the Virginia Plan?

    <p>To establish a national postal system. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these aspects was NOT part of the Hamilton Plan?

    <p>The creation of a national bank (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main purpose of the New Jersey Plan?

    <p>To maintain equal state representation while strengthening the federal government (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of the Council of Revision in the Virginia Plan?

    <p>To review and approve acts of the national legislature before they became law. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these features was NOT characteristic of the Hamilton Plan?

    <p>A strong emphasis on state sovereignty (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Virginia Plan propose to address the issue of admitting new states to the Union?

    <p>By providing a specific process for admission, including a guarantee of a republican government in each new state. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In contrast to the New Jersey Plan, the Hamilton Plan proposed...

    <p>A bicameral legislature with a Senate appointed for life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the key difference in the approach to representation between the Virginia and New Jersey Plans?

    <p>The Virginia Plan promoted representation based on population, while the New Jersey Plan favored equal representation for each state. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these aspects were NOT included in the Virginia Plan's proposed changes to the Articles of Confederation?

    <p>A direct national tax system to fund government operations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Virginia Plan

    A proposal for a stronger national government with a bicameral legislature, executive, and judiciary.

    Bicameral Legislature

    A two-branch national legislature as proposed by the Virginia Plan.

    Suffrage in Virginia Plan

    Voting in the national legislature should be based on population or state contributions.

    Legislative Powers

    The power of the national legislature includes proposing acts and vetoing state laws.

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    National Executive

    A national leader elected by the legislature to execute national laws.

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    Council of Revision

    A joint council consisting of executive and judiciary to review legislation.

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    National Judiciary

    Court system holding judges in office during good behavior, dealing with federal matters.

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    New Jersey Plan

    A proposal for a centralized government with equal state representation and amendments to the Articles.

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    State Representation

    Requisitions based on population, including a three-fifths compromise for slaves.

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    Federal Executive

    Branch elected by Congress to manage military and appoint officers.

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    Federal Judiciary

    Judiciary system consisting of a supreme court for major cases.

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    Supreme Law

    Laws made by Congress are the highest, overriding state courts.

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    State Admission

    Process for admitting new states and uniform naturalization rules.

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    Criminal Offenses

    Citizens committing crimes in different states treated equally.

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    Hamilton Plan

    Proposal for a strong centralized government with executive and judicial independence.

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    Executive Power

    Governor with veto authority, treaties, and control over military actions.

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    Study Notes

    Virginia Plan

    • Proposed a stronger national government with a bicameral legislature, executive, and judiciary.
    • Called for amending the Articles of Confederation to ensure common defense, security, and general welfare.
    • National legislature divided into two branches:
      • First branch elected by the people.
      • Second branch elected by the first branch.
    • Voting rights (suffrage) in the national legislature based on population or state contributions.
    • The national legislature could veto state laws conflicting with national treaties and propose/legislate in areas where states were deemed incompetent.
    • National executive elected by the legislature, with set terms and fixed compensation, responsible for executing national laws.
    • Council of Revision (executive-judicial) to review laws before enactment.
    • National judiciary—lifetime appointments—to handle piracy, foreign affairs, etc., having final say in legal matters.
    • Allowed for new states and guaranteed republican governments for existing states.
    • Proposed amending the Articles of Confederation without unanimous consent.

    New Jersey Plan

    • Proposed revising the Articles of Confederation to create a more functioning federal government.
    • Congress had power to levy taxes (import duties, postage) and regulate trade.
    • Requisitions based on population (including three-fifths compromise for slaves).
    • Federal executive, elected by Congress, managing military and appointing officers.
    • Federal judiciary with a supreme court—cases on piracy, treaties, trade, etc.
    • Congressional laws/treaties supreme law of the land.
    • Provided for new states and standardized rules for naturalization.
    • Crime committed in one state—handled as if committed in the state where it occurred.

    Hamilton Plan

    • Proposed a centralized government with strong executive, legislative, and judicial powers, independent of state control.
    • Two-body legislature: Assembly (3-year terms) and Senate (lifetime appointments).
    • Single executive ("Governor") with veto power, treaty-making, war direction, and appointment powers.
    • Senate power included declaring war, approving treaties, and confirming appointments.
    • Impeachment available for all government officials, proceedings involving state superior court judges.
    • Federal laws superior to state laws; state governors appointed by the central government (power to veto state laws).
    • Federal control over the militia.

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    Description

    Explore the key features of the Virginia Plan, which proposed a stronger national government with a bicameral legislature, an elected executive, and judiciary. This plan aimed to amend the Articles of Confederation to better ensure common defense and welfare. Test your understanding of its structure, voting rights, and legislative powers.

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