Viral Infections

Which of the following viruses is a retrovirus?

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (correct)
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Avian Influenza A (H5N1)
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

Which of the following drugs interrupts viral DNA replication?

Acyclovir (Zovirax) (correct)
Ganciclovir (Cytovene)
Valganciclovir (Valcyte)
None of the above

Which of the following viruses causes fever blisters or cold sores on the lips, mouth, and face?

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) (correct)
Avian Influenza A (H5N1)

Which drug is used to prevent future viral outbreaks of genital herpes?

Acyclovir (D) Signup and view all the answers

When administering ganciclovir for Cytomegalovirus retinitis, what is the most important consideration?

Assess client's vision after administration (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is used to treat Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in children?

Ribavirin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause of severe upper abdominal pain in a client taking lamivudine?

Pancreatitis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom may indicate the client is developing lactic acidosis?

B. severe upper abdominal pain (A) Signup and view all the answers

For which delayed hypersensitivity reaction should the nurse educate the client who has been taking efavirenz for about 1 week?

D. Stevens-Johnson syndrome (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is given subcutaneously for treatment of HIV?

C. enfuvirtide (B) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following viruses with their associated conditions:

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) = Fever blisters or cold sores on lips, mouth, face Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) = Incorporates viral DNA into host’s Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) = Viral Hepatitis Cytomegalovirus (CMV) = CMV retinitis Signup and view all the answers

Match the following drugs with their corresponding viruses they treat:

Acyclovir (Zovirax) = Herpes simplex virus (HSV) Ganciclovir (Cytovene) = CMV Valganciclovir (Valcyte) = CMV Efavirenz = HIV Signup and view all the answers

Match the following drugs with their corresponding mechanisms of action:

Acyclovir (Zovirax) = Interrupts viral DNA replication Ganciclovir (Cytovene) = Inhibits viral DNA synthesis Valganciclovir (Valcyte) = Inhibits viral DNA synthesis Efavirenz = Incorporates viral DNA into host’s Signup and view all the answers

Match the following drugs with their correct prototypes:

Ribavirin = RSV in children Oseltamivir phosphate = Influenza in patients > 1 year old Lamivudine = Chronic Hepatitis B, off-label for HIV Zidovudine = HIV, prevents HIV transmission from mother to fetus Signup and view all the answers

Match the following viruses with their correct transmission routes:

Hepatitis A = Fecal-oral route, close contact with infected person Hepatitis B = Contaminated blood, other body fluids Hepatitis C = Mostly same as Hepatitis B HIV = Sex, injection, mother to fetus Signup and view all the answers

Match the following symptoms with the correct conditions or side effects:

Severe upper abdominal pain with guarding = Pancreatitis Muscle aches, pains, fatigue, fever, nausea/vomiting, headache, diarrhea, shivering = Influenza Nasal flaring, signs of respiratory distress = RSV in children Lactic acidosis, hepatomegaly = Side effects of certain HIV drugs Signup and view all the answers

Match the following drugs with their correct mechanisms of action:

Ribavirin = Interferes with DNA and RNA replication Oseltamivir phosphate = Does not allow new viruses to escape cell Lamivudine = Incorporates into the viral DNA and terminates it Zidovudine = Incorporates into viral DNA and terminates Signup and view all the answers

Match the following HIV drugs with their mechanisms of action:

Saquinavir mesylate (Invirase) = Prevents viral maturation Raltegravir (Isentress) = Blocks enzyme HIV integrase, which would normally make more viruses Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) = Prevents HIV from entering cell Maraviroc (Selzentry) = Prevents HIV from entering cell Signup and view all the answers

Match the following HIV drugs with their nursing considerations:

Saquinavir mesylate (Invirase) = Must monitor for QT prolongation, Take within 2 hours of a meal Raltegravir (Isentress) = Only for strains resistant to multiple antiretroviral drugs Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) = Given as subcutaneous injection, Must have already received other antiretroviral agents Maraviroc (Selzentry) = Not for patients with low kidney function, May cause hepatotoxicity and/or allergy symptoms Signup and view all the answers